Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Dogs are among the most commonly allergenic pets for children. Data on risk factors for the development of dog allergy are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of children with dog allergy and identify predictors of symptom development with dog exposure.
METHODS: The study included children with dog allergen sensitization demonstrated by skin prick test (SPT) between September 1, 2019, and December 1, 2022. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected from the patients\' records and interviews with parents.
RESULTS: Dog allergen sensitization was detected by SPT in 548 (5.5%) of 9,907 patients. Of these, 507 patients had complete data and were included in the analysis. The patients\' median age was 11 (IQR: 8-15) years, 55.8% were male, 97.6% exhibited polysensitization (pollen 75.1%, cat 69.6%), 83.6% had allergic rhinitis, and 46.2% had asthma. Acute dog exposure caused symptoms in 164 patients (32.3%), most commonly sneezing (n = 97) and nasal symptoms (n = 80). Predictors of acute symptoms in dog-sensitized children were male sex (OR: 0.584 [CI: 0.38-0.87]), dog exposure before 1 year of age (OR: 2.35 [CI: 1.18-4.66]), close contact with a dog owner (OR: 2.93 [CI: 1.78-4.8]), and cat allergy (OR: 2.75 [CI: 1.82-4.1]).
CONCLUSIONS: Approximately one-third of children with dog sensitization developed symptoms after exposure to the dog. Male sex, direct dog exposure before the age of one, close contact with a dog owner, and cat allergy were identified as predictors of dog allergy.
METHODS: The study included children with dog allergen sensitization demonstrated by skin prick test (SPT) between September 1, 2019, and December 1, 2022. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected from the patients\' records and interviews with parents.
RESULTS: Dog allergen sensitization was detected by SPT in 548 (5.5%) of 9,907 patients. Of these, 507 patients had complete data and were included in the analysis. The patients\' median age was 11 (IQR: 8-15) years, 55.8% were male, 97.6% exhibited polysensitization (pollen 75.1%, cat 69.6%), 83.6% had allergic rhinitis, and 46.2% had asthma. Acute dog exposure caused symptoms in 164 patients (32.3%), most commonly sneezing (n = 97) and nasal symptoms (n = 80). Predictors of acute symptoms in dog-sensitized children were male sex (OR: 0.584 [CI: 0.38-0.87]), dog exposure before 1 year of age (OR: 2.35 [CI: 1.18-4.66]), close contact with a dog owner (OR: 2.93 [CI: 1.78-4.8]), and cat allergy (OR: 2.75 [CI: 1.82-4.1]).
CONCLUSIONS: Approximately one-third of children with dog sensitization developed symptoms after exposure to the dog. Male sex, direct dog exposure before the age of one, close contact with a dog owner, and cat allergy were identified as predictors of dog allergy.
摘要：
背景：狗是儿童最常见的过敏宠物之一。关于狗过敏发展的危险因素的数据很少。这项研究旨在评估狗过敏儿童的特征，并确定狗暴露后症状发展的预测因素。
方法：该研究包括2019年9月1日至2022年12月1日之间通过皮肤点刺试验（SPT）证明的狗过敏原致敏儿童。人口统计,临床,和实验室数据是从患者记录和父母访谈中收集的。
结果：通过SPT在9,907例患者中的548例（5.5％）中检测到狗过敏原致敏。其中,507名患者有完整的数据并被纳入分析。患者的中位年龄为11岁（IQR：8-15岁），55.8%为男性，97.6%表现出多敏(花粉75.1%，猫69.6%），83.6%有过敏性鼻炎,46.2%患有哮喘。急性犬暴露导致164例患者出现症状（32.3%），最常见的是打喷嚏（n=97）和鼻部症状（n=80）。狗致敏儿童急性症状的预测因素为男性（OR：0.584[CI：0.38-0.87]），1岁之前的狗暴露（OR：2.35[CI：1.18-4.66]），与狗主人密切接触（OR：2.93[CI：1.78-4.8]），和猫过敏（OR：2.75[CI：1.82-4.1]）。
结论：约三分之一的狗致敏儿童在接触狗后出现症状。男性,在一岁前直接接触狗，与狗主人密切接触，和猫过敏被确定为狗过敏的预测因子。
方法：该研究包括2019年9月1日至2022年12月1日之间通过皮肤点刺试验（SPT）证明的狗过敏原致敏儿童。人口统计,临床,和实验室数据是从患者记录和父母访谈中收集的。
结果：通过SPT在9,907例患者中的548例（5.5％）中检测到狗过敏原致敏。其中,507名患者有完整的数据并被纳入分析。患者的中位年龄为11岁（IQR：8-15岁），55.8%为男性，97.6%表现出多敏(花粉75.1%，猫69.6%），83.6%有过敏性鼻炎,46.2%患有哮喘。急性犬暴露导致164例患者出现症状（32.3%），最常见的是打喷嚏（n=97）和鼻部症状（n=80）。狗致敏儿童急性症状的预测因素为男性（OR：0.584[CI：0.38-0.87]），1岁之前的狗暴露（OR：2.35[CI：1.18-4.66]），与狗主人密切接触（OR：2.93[CI：1.78-4.8]），和猫过敏（OR：2.75[CI：1.82-4.1]）。
结论：约三分之一的狗致敏儿童在接触狗后出现症状。男性,在一岁前直接接触狗，与狗主人密切接触，和猫过敏被确定为狗过敏的预测因子。
