Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Phenylacetylglutamine (PAGln) is a novel metabolite derived from gut microbial metabolism of dietary proteins, specifically phenylalanine, which may be linked to risks of adverse cardiovascular events.
OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether higher plasma levels of PAGln were associated with a greater risk of incident coronary heart disease (CHD) and tested whether adherence to a plant-based diet, which characterizes habitual dietary patterns of animal and plant food intake, modified the associations.
METHODS: We examined associations between plasma PAGln and risk of incident CHD over 11-16 years in a nested case-control study of 1520 women (760 incident cases and 760 controls) from the Nurses\' Health Study. Separately, we analyzed relations between PAGln and dietary intakes measured through dietary records in the Women\'s Lifestyle Validation Study (n=725).
RESULTS: Higher PAGln levels were related to a greater risk of CHD (p <0.05 for dose-response relationship). Higher PAGln was associated with greater red/processed meat intake and lower vegetable intake (p <0.05 for all). We found a significant interaction between PAGln and adherence to plant-based diet index (PDI) on CHD (Pinteraction=0.008); higher PAGln levels were associated with an increased risk of CHD (relative risk per 1 SD: 1.22 [95% CI: 1.05, 1.41]) among women with low PDI but not among those with high PDI.
CONCLUSIONS: Higher PAGln was associated with higher risk of CHD, particularly in women with dietary patterns of eating more animal foods and fewer plant-based foods. Adherence to plant-based diets might attenuate unfavorable associations between a novel microbial metabolite and CHD risk.
OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether higher plasma levels of PAGln were associated with a greater risk of incident coronary heart disease (CHD) and tested whether adherence to a plant-based diet, which characterizes habitual dietary patterns of animal and plant food intake, modified the associations.
METHODS: We examined associations between plasma PAGln and risk of incident CHD over 11-16 years in a nested case-control study of 1520 women (760 incident cases and 760 controls) from the Nurses\' Health Study. Separately, we analyzed relations between PAGln and dietary intakes measured through dietary records in the Women\'s Lifestyle Validation Study (n=725).
RESULTS: Higher PAGln levels were related to a greater risk of CHD (p <0.05 for dose-response relationship). Higher PAGln was associated with greater red/processed meat intake and lower vegetable intake (p <0.05 for all). We found a significant interaction between PAGln and adherence to plant-based diet index (PDI) on CHD (Pinteraction=0.008); higher PAGln levels were associated with an increased risk of CHD (relative risk per 1 SD: 1.22 [95% CI: 1.05, 1.41]) among women with low PDI but not among those with high PDI.
CONCLUSIONS: Higher PAGln was associated with higher risk of CHD, particularly in women with dietary patterns of eating more animal foods and fewer plant-based foods. Adherence to plant-based diets might attenuate unfavorable associations between a novel microbial metabolite and CHD risk.
摘要：
背景：苯乙酰谷氨酰胺（PAGln）是一种新型代谢产物，来源于肠道微生物对膳食蛋白质的代谢，特别是苯丙氨酸，这可能与不良心血管事件的风险有关。
目的：我们调查了血浆中PAGln水平升高是否与冠心病(CHD)发病风险增加相关，并测试了是否坚持植物性饮食，描述了动物和植物食物摄入的习惯性饮食模式，修改了协会。
方法：我们在一项来自护士健康研究的1520名女性（760例事件病例和760例对照）的巢式病例对照研究中，研究了血浆PAGln与11-16年冠心病发病风险之间的关系。分别,我们分析了PAGln与通过女性生活方式验证研究中的饮食记录测量的饮食摄入量之间的关系(n=725).
结果：较高的PAGln水平与更高的CHD风险相关（剂量-反应关系p<0.05）。较高的PAGln与较高的红色/加工肉摄入量和较低的蔬菜摄入量相关(均p<0.05)。我们发现PAGln与坚持植物性饮食指数（PDI）之间存在显著的交互作用（Pinteraction=0.008）；较高的PAGln水平与低PDI女性患CHD的风险增加（每1个SD的相对风险：1.22[95％CI：1.05，1.41]）相关，但与高PDI女性无关。
结论：较高的PAGln与较高的CHD风险相关，特别是在饮食模式较多的动物性食物和较少的植物性食物的女性中。坚持植物性饮食可能会减弱新型微生物代谢产物与冠心病风险之间的不利关联。
目的：我们调查了血浆中PAGln水平升高是否与冠心病(CHD)发病风险增加相关，并测试了是否坚持植物性饮食，描述了动物和植物食物摄入的习惯性饮食模式，修改了协会。
方法：我们在一项来自护士健康研究的1520名女性（760例事件病例和760例对照）的巢式病例对照研究中，研究了血浆PAGln与11-16年冠心病发病风险之间的关系。分别,我们分析了PAGln与通过女性生活方式验证研究中的饮食记录测量的饮食摄入量之间的关系(n=725).
结果：较高的PAGln水平与更高的CHD风险相关（剂量-反应关系p<0.05）。较高的PAGln与较高的红色/加工肉摄入量和较低的蔬菜摄入量相关(均p<0.05)。我们发现PAGln与坚持植物性饮食指数（PDI）之间存在显著的交互作用（Pinteraction=0.008）；较高的PAGln水平与低PDI女性患CHD的风险增加（每1个SD的相对风险：1.22[95％CI：1.05，1.41]）相关，但与高PDI女性无关。
结论：较高的PAGln与较高的CHD风险相关，特别是在饮食模式较多的动物性食物和较少的植物性食物的女性中。坚持植物性饮食可能会减弱新型微生物代谢产物与冠心病风险之间的不利关联。
