Abstract：
Exploring isolated and confined environments (IACEs), such as deep-sea ecosystems, polar regions, and outer space, presents multiple challenges. Among these challenges, ensuring sustainable food supply over long timescales and maintaining the health of personnel are fundamental issues that must be addressed. Microalgae, as a novel food resource, possess favorable physiological and nutritional characteristics, demonstrating potential as nutritional support in IACEs. In this review, we discuss the potential of microalgae as a nutritional supplement in IACEs from four perspectives. The first section provides a theoretical foundation by reviewing the environmental adaptability and previous studies in IACEs. Subsequently, the typical nutritional components of microalgae and their bioavailability are comprehensively elucidated. And then focus on the impact of these ingredients on health enhancement and elucidate its mechanisms in IACEs. Combining the outstanding stress resistance, rich active ingredients, the potential to alleviate osteoporosis, regulate metabolism, and promote mental well-being, microalgae demonstrate significant value for food applications. Furthermore, the development of novel microalgae biomatrices enhances health safeguards. Nevertheless, the widespread application of microalgae in IACEs still requires extensive studies and more fundamental data, necessitating further exploration into improving bioavailability, high biomass cultivation methods, and enhancing palatability.
摘要：
探索孤立和封闭环境(IACE)，比如深海生态系统，极地地区,和外层空间，提出了多重挑战。在这些挑战中,确保长期可持续的粮食供应和维持工作人员的健康是必须解决的基本问题。微藻,作为一种新颖的食物资源，具有良好的生理和营养特性，在IACE中展示作为营养支持的潜力。在这次审查中,我们从四个角度讨论了微藻作为IACE营养补充剂的潜力。第一部分通过回顾环境适应性和IACE的先前研究提供了理论基础。随后，全面阐述了微藻的典型营养成分及其生物利用度。然后重点研究这些成分对健康增强的影响，并阐明其在IACE中的作用机制。结合突出的抗应力，丰富的活性成分，缓解骨质疏松症的潜力，调节新陈代谢，促进心理健康，微藻对食品应用具有重要价值。此外，新型微藻生物基质的开发增强了健康保障。然而，微藻在IACE中的广泛应用仍然需要广泛的研究和更多的基础数据，需要进一步探索提高生物利用度，高生物量栽培方法，增强适口性。
