Abstract：
Child maltreatment is a widespread global issue involving any form of harm or neglect by a parent or caregiver, leading to various forms of physical or emotional damage, with approximately 150 million affected children globally. This study discusses the potential mechanism of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction and cortisol hormone changes in linking child maltreatment to mental health disorders. It also discusses supportive strategies to prevent mental diseases and counteract the biological embedding of these conditions, emphasizing the need for comprehensive interventions to address the long-term impact of child maltreatment on mental health. Articles were selected using established methods previously described. Key information was obtained from scientific articles published during the past 20 years, including original studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. Articles search was performed using top academic search engines. While research on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to stress in maltreated children is ongoing and far from conclusive, its impact and implications for physiological functioning and the predisposition to psychopathology are significant. Childhood maltreatment increases the risk of psychiatric illnesses, severity of diseases, and poor treatment responses. Childhood maltreatment manifests as disruptions to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning, with the extent varying based on factors, such as the age of onset, parental responsiveness, and the type and characteristics of maltreatment. The complex interplay of these factors contributes to the diversity of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses to stress in maltreated children, creating a spectrum of physiological functioning and vulnerability to psychopathology.
摘要：
虐待儿童是一个普遍的全球性问题，涉及父母或照顾者的任何形式的伤害或忽视，导致各种形式的身体或情感伤害，全球约有1.5亿受影响的儿童。本研究讨论了下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴功能障碍和皮质醇激素变化将儿童虐待与心理健康障碍联系起来的潜在机制。它还讨论了预防精神疾病和抵消这些疾病的生物学嵌入的支持性策略，强调需要采取综合干预措施，以解决虐待儿童对心理健康的长期影响。使用先前描述的已建立的方法选择文章。关键信息是从过去20年发表的科学论文中获得的，包括原始研究，系统评价,和荟萃分析。文章搜索使用顶级学术搜索引擎进行。虽然关于虐待儿童下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴对应激反应的研究仍在进行中，而且还没有定论，它对生理功能和精神病理学倾向的影响和意义是重要的。童年虐待会增加患精神疾病的风险，疾病的严重程度,和不良的治疗反应。儿童虐待表现为下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴功能中断，程度因因素而异，比如发病年龄，父母的反应，以及虐待的类型和特点。这些因素的复杂相互作用有助于虐待儿童下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴对应激反应的多样性，创造一系列生理功能和对精神病理学的脆弱性。
