Abstract：
The prevalence of chicken coccidiosis in the poultry industry is a significant concern, further exacerbated by the emergence of drug-resistant coccidia resulting from the indiscriminate use of medications. Ethanamizuril, a novel triazine anti-coccidial compound, has been used to combat drug resistance. Currently, it is known that Ethanamizuril acts on the second-generation merozoites and early gametogenesis stages of Eimeria. Limited information exists regarding its impact on the early merozoites and exogenous stage of Eimeria. In the present study, the anti-coccidial properties of Ethanamizuril were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that Ethanamizuril effectively inhibits the sporulation of E. tenella oocysts in a dose-dependent manner and significantly reduces the sporozoite excystation rate. Furthermore, in vivo tests revealed that treatment with 10 mg/L Ethanamizuril in drinking water significantly decreased the copy number of first-generation and secondary-generation merozoites in the chicken cecum, indicating that it can inhibit the development of whole schizonts development. Moreover, treatment with Ethanamizuril demonstrated excellent protective efficacy with an anti-coccidial index (ACI) of 180, which was manifested through higher body weight gains, lighter cecal lesion, lower fecal oocyst shedding score and reduced liver index. Collectively, this study suggests that Ethanamizuril effectively treats E. tenella infection by inhibiting both endogenous and exogenous stages development.
摘要：
鸡球虫病在家禽业中的流行是一个重要的问题，由于滥用药物而导致的耐药球虫的出现进一步加剧了这种情况。乙那米唑,一种新型的三嗪抗球虫化合物，已经被用来对抗抗药性。目前,已知Ethanamizuril作用于艾美球虫的第二代裂殖子和早期配子发生阶段。关于其对艾美球虫早期裂殖子和外源阶段的影响的信息有限。在本研究中,在体外和体内评估了依那米的抗球虫特性。体外实验表明，依那米联以剂量依赖的方式有效抑制了E.tenella卵囊的孢子形成，并显着降低了子孢子的脱落率。此外，体内试验表明，在饮用水中使用10mg/L的乙那霉素处理显着降低了鸡盲肠中第一代和第二代裂殖子的拷贝数，表明它可以抑制整个分裂的发展。此外，用依那莫齐里治疗表现出优异的保护功效，抗球虫指数（ACI）为180，这表现为更高的体重增加，较轻的盲肠病变，粪便卵囊脱落评分降低，肝脏指数降低。总的来说，这项研究表明，Ethanamizuril通过抑制内源性和外源性阶段的发展有效地治疗E.tenella感染。
