Abstract：
Non-traumatic anterior knee pain affects one in every five adolescents. Despite the commonality of the condition, there are no patient-reported outcome measures developed specifically for this population. The aim of this study was to identify domains and develop a preliminary item bank for adolescents with non-traumatic anterior knee pain.
Twenty-one adolescents with anterior knee pain participated in semi-structured interviews which explored their experience of living with knee pain. Following thematic analysis, we generated an item bank based on the domains which emerged from the impact their knee pain had on their daily life. Ten clinical experts provided input on the preliminary item bank via an online survey. Cognitive interviews were conducted using the think-aloud approach with ten adolescents to evaluate the comprehensibility and face validity of the items.
From the interviews we identified four overarching domains where adolescents were impacted by their knee pain: knee symptoms, limitations in physical activity/sport, limitations in social activities, and emotional impact of pain. Eighteen items were initially developed and expanded to 23 following clinical expert input. The cognitive interviews with adolescents demonstrated that the items were comprehensive, understandable, and relevant for adolescents.
This study developed an item bank of 23 items. These spanned four domains of impact for adolescents with anterior knee pain. The items had good face validity and were deemed relevant and understandable for adolescents with knee pain. Further steps are needed to validate and reduce the items for the non-traumatic anterior knee pain (AKP)-YOUTH scale.
Twenty-one adolescents with anterior knee pain participated in semi-structured interviews which explored their experience of living with knee pain. Following thematic analysis, we generated an item bank based on the domains which emerged from the impact their knee pain had on their daily life. Ten clinical experts provided input on the preliminary item bank via an online survey. Cognitive interviews were conducted using the think-aloud approach with ten adolescents to evaluate the comprehensibility and face validity of the items.
From the interviews we identified four overarching domains where adolescents were impacted by their knee pain: knee symptoms, limitations in physical activity/sport, limitations in social activities, and emotional impact of pain. Eighteen items were initially developed and expanded to 23 following clinical expert input. The cognitive interviews with adolescents demonstrated that the items were comprehensive, understandable, and relevant for adolescents.
This study developed an item bank of 23 items. These spanned four domains of impact for adolescents with anterior knee pain. The items had good face validity and were deemed relevant and understandable for adolescents with knee pain. Further steps are needed to validate and reduce the items for the non-traumatic anterior knee pain (AKP)-YOUTH scale.
摘要：
背景：非创伤性前膝疼痛影响五分之一的青少年。尽管这种情况很普遍，没有专门针对该人群制定的患者报告结局指标.这项研究的目的是确定领域并为非创伤性膝前疼痛的青少年开发一个初步的项目库。
方法：21名患有膝前疼痛的青少年参加了半结构化访谈，探讨了他们患有膝前疼痛的经历。在专题分析之后，我们根据膝盖疼痛对他们日常生活的影响产生的领域生成了一个项目库。十名临床专家通过在线调查提供了有关初步项目库的意见。使用大声思考方法对10名青少年进行了认知访谈，以评估项目的可理解性和面对有效性。
结果：从访谈中，我们确定了青少年受膝关节疼痛影响的四个主要领域：膝关节症状，身体活动/运动的限制，社会活动的局限性，和痛苦的情感影响。根据临床专家的投入，最初开发了18个项目，并将其扩展到23个。对青少年的认知访谈表明，这些项目是全面的，可以理解,与青少年相关。
结论：本研究开发了一个包含23个项目的项目库。这些跨越了青少年膝前疼痛的四个影响领域。这些项目具有良好的面部有效性，被认为与膝盖疼痛的青少年相关且可以理解。需要进一步的步骤来验证和减少非创伤性前膝疼痛（AKP）-YOUTH量表的项目。
方法：21名患有膝前疼痛的青少年参加了半结构化访谈，探讨了他们患有膝前疼痛的经历。在专题分析之后，我们根据膝盖疼痛对他们日常生活的影响产生的领域生成了一个项目库。十名临床专家通过在线调查提供了有关初步项目库的意见。使用大声思考方法对10名青少年进行了认知访谈，以评估项目的可理解性和面对有效性。
结果：从访谈中，我们确定了青少年受膝关节疼痛影响的四个主要领域：膝关节症状，身体活动/运动的限制，社会活动的局限性，和痛苦的情感影响。根据临床专家的投入，最初开发了18个项目，并将其扩展到23个。对青少年的认知访谈表明，这些项目是全面的，可以理解,与青少年相关。
结论：本研究开发了一个包含23个项目的项目库。这些跨越了青少年膝前疼痛的四个影响领域。这些项目具有良好的面部有效性，被认为与膝盖疼痛的青少年相关且可以理解。需要进一步的步骤来验证和减少非创伤性前膝疼痛（AKP）-YOUTH量表的项目。
