Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Developing biosensors with antifouling properties is essential for accurately detecting low-concentration biomarkers in complex biological matrix, which is imperative for effective disease diagnosis and treatment. Herein, an antifouling electrochemical aptasensor qualifying for probing targets in human serum was explored based on newly-devised peptides that could form inverted U-shaped structures with long-term stability.
RESULTS: The inverted U-shaped peptides (U-Pep) with two terminals of thiol groups grafted onto the Au-modified electrode showcase superior antifouling properties in terms of high stability against enzymatic hydrolysis and long acting against biofouling in actual biofluids. The construction of the outlined antifouling electrochemical aptasensor just involved the fabrication of Au-deposited poly(3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene) (Au/PEDOT) modified electrode, followed by one-step co-incubation in the peptides and the aptamer probes with the Au/PEDOT electrode. Taking a typical biomarker of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) for detection, this elegant antifouling aptasenor demonstrated a nice response for probing the target AFP with a low detection limit of 0.27 pg/mL and a wide linear scope of 1.0 pg/mL to 1.0 μg/mL, and furthermore qualified for assaying of AFP in human serum samples with satisfactory accuracy and feasibility.
CONCLUSIONS: This engineering strategy of U-Pep with long-lasting antifouling efficacy opens a new horizon for high-performance antifouling biosensors suitable for detection in complex bifluids, and it could spark more inspiration for a follow-up exploration of other featured antifouling biomaterials.
RESULTS: The inverted U-shaped peptides (U-Pep) with two terminals of thiol groups grafted onto the Au-modified electrode showcase superior antifouling properties in terms of high stability against enzymatic hydrolysis and long acting against biofouling in actual biofluids. The construction of the outlined antifouling electrochemical aptasensor just involved the fabrication of Au-deposited poly(3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene) (Au/PEDOT) modified electrode, followed by one-step co-incubation in the peptides and the aptamer probes with the Au/PEDOT electrode. Taking a typical biomarker of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) for detection, this elegant antifouling aptasenor demonstrated a nice response for probing the target AFP with a low detection limit of 0.27 pg/mL and a wide linear scope of 1.0 pg/mL to 1.0 μg/mL, and furthermore qualified for assaying of AFP in human serum samples with satisfactory accuracy and feasibility.
CONCLUSIONS: This engineering strategy of U-Pep with long-lasting antifouling efficacy opens a new horizon for high-performance antifouling biosensors suitable for detection in complex bifluids, and it could spark more inspiration for a follow-up exploration of other featured antifouling biomaterials.
摘要：
背景：开发具有防污特性的生物传感器对于准确检测复杂生物基质中的低浓度生物标志物至关重要，这对于有效的疾病诊断和治疗至关重要。在这里，基于新设计的可以形成具有长期稳定性的倒U形结构的肽，探索了一种符合探测人血清目标的防污电化学传感器。
结果:具有接枝到Au修饰的电极上的巯基的两个末端的倒U形肽(U-Pep)在针对酶促水解的高稳定性和针对实际生物流体中的生物污染的长效方面表现出优异的防污性质。概述的防污电化学传感器的构造仅涉及Au沉积的聚（3,4亚乙基二氧噻吩）（Au/PEDOT）修饰电极的制造，然后在肽和适体探针中与Au/PEDOT电极进行一步共孵育。以甲胎蛋白（AFP）的典型生物标志物进行检测，这种优雅的防污aptasenor表现出良好的反应，用于探测目标AFP，低检测限为0.27pg/mL，宽线性范围为1.0pg/mL至1.0μg/mL，此外，具有令人满意的准确性和可行性，可用于测定人血清样品中的AFP。
结论：这种具有持久防污功效的U-Pep工程策略为适用于复杂生物流体中检测的高性能防污生物传感器开辟了新的视野，它可以激发更多的灵感，为后续探索其他具有功能的防污生物材料。
结果:具有接枝到Au修饰的电极上的巯基的两个末端的倒U形肽(U-Pep)在针对酶促水解的高稳定性和针对实际生物流体中的生物污染的长效方面表现出优异的防污性质。概述的防污电化学传感器的构造仅涉及Au沉积的聚（3,4亚乙基二氧噻吩）（Au/PEDOT）修饰电极的制造，然后在肽和适体探针中与Au/PEDOT电极进行一步共孵育。以甲胎蛋白（AFP）的典型生物标志物进行检测，这种优雅的防污aptasenor表现出良好的反应，用于探测目标AFP，低检测限为0.27pg/mL，宽线性范围为1.0pg/mL至1.0μg/mL，此外，具有令人满意的准确性和可行性，可用于测定人血清样品中的AFP。
结论：这种具有持久防污功效的U-Pep工程策略为适用于复杂生物流体中检测的高性能防污生物传感器开辟了新的视野，它可以激发更多的灵感，为后续探索其他具有功能的防污生物材料。
