Abstract：
In response to address the climate crisis, there has been a growing focus on substituting conventional refinery-derived products with those derived from biorefineries. The utilization of lipids as primary materials or intermediates for the synthesis of chemicals and fuels, which are integral to the existing chemical and petrochemical industries, is a key step in this transition. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the production of sustainable chemicals (acids and alcohols), biopolymers, and fuels (including gasoline, kerosene, biodiesel, and heavy fuel oil) from lipids derived from terrestrial and algal biomass. The production of chemicals from lipids involves diverse methods, including polymerization, epoxidation, and separation/purification. Additionally, the transformation of lipids into biofuels can be achieved through processes such as catalytic cracking, hydroprocessing, and transesterification. This review also suggests future research directions that further advance the lipid valorization processes, including enhancement of catalyst durability at harsh conditions, development of deoxygenation process with low H2 consumption, investigation of precise separation of target compounds, increase in lipid accumulation in algal biomass, and development of methods that utilize residues and byproducts generated during lipid extraction and conversion.
摘要：
为了应对气候危机，人们越来越关注用生物炼油厂衍生的产品代替传统的炼油厂衍生产品。利用脂质作为合成化学品和燃料的主要材料或中间体，它们是现有化工和石化行业不可或缺的一部分，是这一转变的关键步骤。这篇综述全面概述了可持续化学品(酸和醇)的生产，生物聚合物，和燃料(包括汽油，煤油,生物柴油,和重质燃料油）来自陆地和藻类生物质的脂质。从脂质中生产化学物质涉及多种方法，包括聚合，环氧化,和分离/纯化。此外,脂质转化为生物燃料可以通过催化裂化等过程来实现，加氢处理,和酯交换。这篇综述还提出了进一步推进脂质增值过程的未来研究方向，包括提高催化剂在恶劣条件下的耐久性，开发低H2消耗的脱氧工艺，研究目标化合物的精确分离，藻类生物量中脂质积累的增加，以及开发利用脂质提取和转化过程中产生的残留物和副产物的方法。
