Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Headaches represent a prevalent and burdensome health condition, affecting individuals of all ages worldwide. While dietary factors have been implicated in headache pathophysiology, the association between dairy consumption and headaches remains controversial and inadequately understood. This comprehensive review systematically examines the existing literature to elucidate the relationship between dairy intake and headaches, addressing methodological challenges, potential biases, and gaps in the current knowledge.
RESULTS: A thorough search of electronic databases identified relevant observational studies, clinical trials, and mechanistic investigations exploring the impact of dairy consumption on headache incidence, frequency, severity, and duration. Methodological considerations, including study design, measurement of exposure and outcome variables, confounding factors, and sources of bias, were critically evaluated to assess the strength of evidence and validity of findings. Despite heterogeneity across studies, emerging evidence suggests a complex and multifaceted relationship between dairy intake and headaches, influenced by individual characteristics, dietary patterns, headache subtype, and study context. While some studies report a positive association between dairy consumption and headaches, others indicate no significant effect or potential therapeutic benefits of dairy restriction. Mechanistic insights suggest plausible biological mechanisms, including neuroinflammatory pathways, neurotransmitter modulation, vascular effects, and gut-brain interactions, which may mediate the observed associations. Future research directions encompass longitudinal studies, mechanistic investigations, stratified analyses, randomized controlled trials, and exploration of the gut microbiota to further elucidate the underlying mechanisms and inform evidence-based dietary recommendations for headache management. This integrative review underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and personalized approaches to address the complex interplay between diet, headaches, and overall health.
RESULTS: A thorough search of electronic databases identified relevant observational studies, clinical trials, and mechanistic investigations exploring the impact of dairy consumption on headache incidence, frequency, severity, and duration. Methodological considerations, including study design, measurement of exposure and outcome variables, confounding factors, and sources of bias, were critically evaluated to assess the strength of evidence and validity of findings. Despite heterogeneity across studies, emerging evidence suggests a complex and multifaceted relationship between dairy intake and headaches, influenced by individual characteristics, dietary patterns, headache subtype, and study context. While some studies report a positive association between dairy consumption and headaches, others indicate no significant effect or potential therapeutic benefits of dairy restriction. Mechanistic insights suggest plausible biological mechanisms, including neuroinflammatory pathways, neurotransmitter modulation, vascular effects, and gut-brain interactions, which may mediate the observed associations. Future research directions encompass longitudinal studies, mechanistic investigations, stratified analyses, randomized controlled trials, and exploration of the gut microbiota to further elucidate the underlying mechanisms and inform evidence-based dietary recommendations for headache management. This integrative review underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and personalized approaches to address the complex interplay between diet, headaches, and overall health.
摘要：
■头痛是一种普遍而繁重的健康状况，影响全世界所有年龄段的人。虽然饮食因素与头痛的病理生理学有关，乳制品消费与头痛之间的关系仍然存在争议，并且人们对此认识不足。这篇全面的综述系统地研究了现有的文献，以阐明乳制品摄入量与头痛之间的关系，解决方法上的挑战，潜在的偏见，和当前知识的差距。
结果：对电子数据库的彻底搜索确定了相关的观察性研究，临床试验,和机制调查，探索乳制品消费对头痛发病率的影响，频率,严重程度,和持续时间。方法论考虑，包括研究设计，暴露和结果变量的测量，混杂因素，和偏见的来源，进行了批判性评估，以评估证据的强度和发现的有效性。尽管研究存在异质性，新出现的证据表明，乳制品摄入量和头痛之间存在复杂和多方面的关系，受个体特征的影响，饮食模式，头痛亚型，和研究背景。虽然一些研究报告乳制品消费和头痛之间存在正相关，其他人表明乳制品限制没有显着效果或潜在的治疗益处。机械见解表明合理的生物学机制，包括神经炎症通路,神经递质调制，血管效应,和肠道-大脑的相互作用，这可能会调解观察到的关联。未来的研究方向包括纵向研究，机械调查，分层分析，随机对照试验，和探索肠道菌群，以进一步阐明潜在的机制，并为头痛管理提供循证饮食建议。这篇综合综述强调了跨学科合作和个性化方法的重要性，以解决饮食之间复杂的相互作用。头痛,和整体健康。
结果：对电子数据库的彻底搜索确定了相关的观察性研究，临床试验,和机制调查，探索乳制品消费对头痛发病率的影响，频率,严重程度,和持续时间。方法论考虑，包括研究设计，暴露和结果变量的测量，混杂因素，和偏见的来源，进行了批判性评估，以评估证据的强度和发现的有效性。尽管研究存在异质性，新出现的证据表明，乳制品摄入量和头痛之间存在复杂和多方面的关系，受个体特征的影响，饮食模式，头痛亚型，和研究背景。虽然一些研究报告乳制品消费和头痛之间存在正相关，其他人表明乳制品限制没有显着效果或潜在的治疗益处。机械见解表明合理的生物学机制，包括神经炎症通路,神经递质调制，血管效应,和肠道-大脑的相互作用，这可能会调解观察到的关联。未来的研究方向包括纵向研究，机械调查，分层分析，随机对照试验，和探索肠道菌群，以进一步阐明潜在的机制，并为头痛管理提供循证饮食建议。这篇综合综述强调了跨学科合作和个性化方法的重要性，以解决饮食之间复杂的相互作用。头痛,和整体健康。
