METHODS: The presented review used the recommended meta-analytical calculation method to investigate the effects of stretching on stiffness as well as on passive torque parameters using subgroup analyses for stretching types, stretching duration, and supervision.
RESULTS: Chronic stretching reduced muscle stiffness ( - 0.38, p = 0.01) overall, and also for the supervised ( - 0.49, p = 0.004) and long static stretching interventions ( - 0.61, p < 0.001), while the unsupervised and short duration subgroups did not reach the level of significance (p = 0.21, 0.29). No effects were observed for tendon stiffness or for subgroups (e.g., long-stretching durations). Chronic PPT (0.55, p = 0.005) in end ROM increased. Only long-stretching durations sufficiently decreased muscle stiffness acutely. No effects could be observed for acute PPT.
CONCLUSIONS: While partially in accordance with previous literature, the results underline the relevance of long-stretching durations when inducing changes in passive properties. Only four acute PPT in end ROM studies were eligible, while a large number were excluded as they provided mathematical models and/or lacked control conditions, calling for further randomized controlled trials on acute PPT effects.
方法:本综述使用推荐的荟萃分析计算方法,研究拉伸对刚度以及被动扭矩参数的影响,使用拉伸类型的子组分析,拉伸持续时间,和监督。
结果:长期拉伸可降低肌肉僵硬度(-0.38,p=0.01),对于有监督的(-0.49,p=0.004)和长期静态拉伸干预(-0.61,p<0.001),而无监督和持续时间短的亚组没有达到显著性水平(p=0.21,0.29).没有观察到肌腱刚度或亚组的影响(例如,长拉伸持续时间)。最终ROM的慢性PPT(0.55,p=0.005)增加。只有长时间的拉伸才能使肌肉僵硬度急剧降低。对于急性PPT没有观察到影响。
结论:虽然部分与以前的文献一致,结果强调了诱导被动特性变化时长拉伸持续时间的相关性。最终ROM研究中只有四个急性PPT合格,虽然大量被排除在外,因为它们提供了数学模型和/或缺乏控制条件,呼吁对急性PPT效应进行进一步的随机对照试验。