PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
With its unique properties and potential applications, nanoparticle-based delivery platforms for messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have gained significant attention in recent years. Nanoparticles have the advantages of enhancing immunogenicity, targeting delivery, and improving stability, providing a new solution for drug and vaccine delivery. In some clinical studies, a variety of nanoparticle delivery platforms have been gradually applied to a wide range of vaccine applications. Current research priorities are exploring various types of nanoparticles as vaccine delivery systems to enhance vaccine stability and immunogenicity. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have shown promising potential in preclinical and clinical studies on the efficient delivery of antigens to immune cells. Moreover, lipid nanoparticles and other nanoparticles for nucleic acids, especially for mRNA delivery systems, have shown vast potential for vaccine development. In this review, we present various vaccine platforms with an emphasis on nanoparticles as mRNA vaccine delivery vehicles. We describe several novel nanoparticle delivery platforms for mRNA vaccines, such as lipid-, polymer-, and protein-based nanoparticles. In addition, we provide an overview of the anti-tumor immunity of nanovaccines against different tumors in cancer immunotherapy. Finally, we outline future perspectives and remaining challenges for this promising technology of nanoparticle-based delivery platforms for vaccines.
摘要：
凭借其独特的性能和潜在的应用,近年来,用于信使RNA(mRNA)疫苗的基于纳米颗粒的递送平台获得了显著的关注。纳米颗粒具有增强免疫原性的优点,靶向递送，提高稳定性，为药物和疫苗提供新的解决方案。在一些临床研究中,各种纳米颗粒递送平台已逐步应用于广泛的疫苗应用。当前的研究重点是探索各种类型的纳米颗粒作为疫苗递送系统以增强疫苗稳定性和免疫原性。脂质纳米颗粒（LNP）在将抗原有效递送至免疫细胞的临床前和临床研究中显示出有希望的潜力。此外，脂质纳米颗粒和其他用于核酸的纳米颗粒，特别是mRNA递送系统，已经显示出疫苗开发的巨大潜力。在这次审查中,我们提出了各种疫苗平台，重点是纳米颗粒作为mRNA疫苗递送载体。我们描述了几种用于mRNA疫苗的新型纳米颗粒递送平台，例如脂质-，聚合物-,和基于蛋白质的纳米颗粒。此外,我们概述了纳米疫苗在癌症免疫治疗中对不同肿瘤的抗肿瘤免疫。最后,我们概述了这种有前途的基于纳米颗粒的疫苗递送平台技术的未来前景和仍然存在的挑战.
