PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The key factor that enables pathogenic bacteria to establish successful infections lies largely in their ability to escape the host\'s immune response and adhere to host surfaces. Vitronectin (Vn) is a multidomain glycoprotein ubiquitously present in blood and the extracellular matrix of several tissues, where it plays important roles as a regulator of membrane attack complex (MAC) formation and as a mediator of cell adhesion. Vn has emerged as an intriguing target for several microorganisms. Vn binding by bacterial receptors confers protection from lysis resulting from MAC deposition. Furthermore, through its Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) motif, Vn can bind several host cell integrins. Therefore, Vn recruited to the bacterial cell functions as a molecular bridge between bacteria and host surfaces, where it triggers several host signaling events that could promote bacterial internalization. Each bacterium uses different receptors that recognize specific Vn domains. In this review, we update the current knowledge of Vn receptors of major bacterial pathogens, emphasizing the role they may play in the host upon Vn binding. Focusing on the structural properties of bacterial proteins, we provide details on the residues involved in their interaction with Vn. Furthermore, we discuss the possible involvement of Vn adsorption on biomaterials in promoting bacterial adhesion on abiotic surfaces and infection.
摘要：
使病原菌成功感染的关键因素很大程度上在于其逃避宿主免疫反应并粘附于宿主表面的能力。玻连蛋白（Vn）是一种普遍存在于血液和几种组织的细胞外基质中的多域糖蛋白，其中它作为膜攻击复合物（MAC）形成的调节剂和细胞粘附的介质起着重要作用。Vn已成为几种微生物的有趣靶标。通过细菌受体结合的Vn赋予免于由MAC沉积引起的裂解的保护。此外，通过其Arg-Gly-Asp（RGD）图案，Vn可以结合几种宿主细胞整联蛋白。因此,招募到细菌细胞的Vn作为细菌和宿主表面之间的分子桥梁，它触发几个宿主信号事件，可以促进细菌内化。每种细菌使用识别特定Vn结构域的不同受体。在这次审查中,我们更新了主要细菌病原体的Vn受体的当前知识，强调它们在Vn结合时在宿主中可能发挥的作用。专注于细菌蛋白质的结构特性，我们提供了有关其与Vn相互作用的残基的详细信息。此外，我们讨论了Vn在生物材料上的吸附可能参与促进细菌在非生物表面上的粘附和感染。
