PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
School lunch plays an important role in children\'s healthy growth. Previous investigations revealed many problems with school lunches, including unreasonable dietary structure and insufficient micronutrients. This study aimed to assess the dietary structure and nutritional quality of lunches in Nanjing primary and middle schools. A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 44 schools that supply lunch in 12 districts in Nanjing, with two primary and two middle schools in each district. Twenty-four primary and twenty middle schools were selected. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to explore the influencing factors. Findings revealed a serious shortage of milk and fruit in school lunches; supply of eggs, fish, shrimp, and shellfish was less than half of the recommended quantity; livestock and poultry supply exceeded the recommended level by over four times. Energy and nutrition intake were suboptimal. Provision of energy, carbohydrates, vitamins (A, B1, B2, and C), calcium, and iron in urban primary schools was significantly higher than that in non-urban primary schools. The same pattern of significantly higher nutrients was equally seen in urban middle schools compared with non-urban middle schools, indicating that food supply was affected by regional economies. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the quality of lunches, with a particular focus on those in non-urban areas.
摘要：
学校午餐对儿童的健康成长起着重要的作用。先前的调查显示，学校午餐存在许多问题，包括膳食结构不合理和微量营养素不足。本研究旨在评估南京市中小学午餐的膳食结构和营养质量。采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,选取南京市12个区44所供应午餐的学校,每个地区有两所小学和两所中学。选择了24所小学和20所中学。采用Mann-WhitneyU检验探讨影响因素。调查结果显示，学校午餐中牛奶和水果严重短缺；鸡蛋供应，鱼,虾,贝类不到建议数量的一半；畜禽供应量超过建议水平四倍以上。能量和营养摄入次优。提供能源,碳水化合物,维生素（A，B1、B2和C)，钙，城市小学的铁含量明显高于非城市小学。与非城市中学相比，城市中学的营养素含量明显更高。这表明粮食供应受到区域经济的影响。因此,迫切需要提高午餐质量，特别关注非城市地区的人。
