PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the association between maternal risk factors, such as age, body mass index (BMI), and cigarette smoking, and perinatal outcomes. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis based on prospectively collected data at Hospital Universitario de Torrejón (Madrid, Spain) between September 2017 and December 2019. All pregnant women with singleton pregnancies and non-malformed live fetuses attending their routine ultrasound examination at 11+0 to 13+6 weeks\' gestation were invited to participate. The association between preeclampsia, preterm birth, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), small-for-gestational-age (SGA) or fetal-growth-restricted (FGR) neonates, and type of delivery and maternal age, BMI, and cigarette smoking was studied. Logistic mixed models were used to analyze the data. Results: A total of 1921 patients were included in the analysis. Women who were ≥40 years old had a significantly higher risk of having GDM (odds ratio (OR) 1.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08 to 2.36) and SGA neonates (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.00 to 2.37). Women with a BMI < 18 had an increased rate of giving birth to SGA and FGR neonates (OR 3.28, 95% CI 1.51 to 7.05, and OR 3.73, 95% CI 1.54 to 8.37, respectively), whereas women with a BMI ≥ 35 had a higher risk of GDM (OR 3.10, 95% CI 1.95 to 4.89). Smoking increased the risk of having SGA and FGR neonates (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.36 to 2.46, and OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.29 to 2.78). Conclusions: Advanced maternal age, low or high BMI, and smoking status are significant risk factors for pregnancy complications. Both clinicians and society should concentrate their efforts on addressing these factors to enhance reproductive health.
摘要：
背景和目的：本研究的目的是分析产妇危险因素之间的关系，比如年龄,体重指数（BMI），和吸烟,和围产期结局。材料和方法：我们根据托雷洪大学医院(马德里，西班牙）在2017年9月至2019年12月之间。邀请所有在110至136周进行常规超声检查的单胎妊娠和非畸形活胎孕妇参加。先兆子痫之间的联系，早产,妊娠期糖尿病(GDM),小于胎龄（SGA）或胎儿生长受限（FGR）的新生儿，分娩类型和产妇年龄，BMI,并对吸烟进行了研究。采用Logistic混合模型对数据进行分析。结果：共有1921例患者被纳入分析。≥40岁的女性患GDM（比值比（OR）1.61，95％置信区间（CI）1.08至2.36）和SGA新生儿（OR1.54，95％CI1.00至2.37）的风险明显更高。BMI<18的妇女生育SGA和FGR新生儿的比率增加（分别为OR3.28，95％CI1.51至7.05和OR3.73，95％CI1.54至8.37），而BMI≥35的女性患GDM的风险较高(OR3.10,95%CI1.95~4.89).吸烟会增加SGA和FGR新生儿的风险（OR1.83，95％CI1.36至2.46，OR1.91，95％CI1.29至2.78）。结论：高龄产妇，低或高BMI，和吸烟状况是妊娠并发症的重要危险因素。临床医生和社会都应集中精力解决这些因素，以增强生殖健康。
