PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Background/Objectives: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is essential in diagnosing neurological conditions, offering detailed insights into brain pathology. Uremic encephalopathy (UE) is a severe neurological disorder resulting from renal failure, characterized by cognitive impairments and brain abnormalities due to the accumulation of uremic toxins (UTs). Despite extensive research on UTs, there is a significant gap in the detailed characterization of MRI findings in UE patients. This study aims to bridge this gap by conducting a comprehensive literature review of cerebral MRI findings in UE. We hypothesize that specific MRI patterns correlate with the severity and clinical manifestations of UE, thereby enhancing diagnostic accuracy and improving patient outcomes. Methods: A literature review was performed using PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. The search terms included \"uremic encephalopathy MRI\", \"uremia and kidney failure MRI\", and \"toxic and metabolic or acquired encephalopathies MRI\". The inclusion criteria were original articles on UE and MRI findings published in English. Results: Common MRI sequences include T1-weighted, T2-weighted, FLAIR, and DWI. Frequent MRI findings in UE are cytotoxic and vasogenic brain edema in regions such as the basal ganglia and periventricular white matter. Patterns like the \"lentiform fork sign\" and basal ganglia involvement are key indicators of UE. Conclusions: MRI plays a crucial role in diagnosing UE by identifying characteristic brain edema and specific patterns. A comprehensive diagnostic approach, incorporating clinical, laboratory, and imaging data, is essential for accurate diagnosis and management. The study calls for larger well-designed cohorts with long-term follow-up to improve the understanding and treatment of UE.
摘要：
背景/目的：磁共振成像（MRI）在诊断神经系统疾病中至关重要。提供大脑病理学的详细见解。尿毒症脑病（UE）是一种由肾衰竭引起的严重神经系统疾病，其特征是由于尿毒症毒素（UT）的积累而导致的认知障碍和大脑异常。尽管对UT进行了广泛的研究，UE患者MRI表现的详细表征存在显著差距.本研究旨在通过对UE的脑MRI发现进行全面的文献综述来弥合这一差距。我们假设特定的MRI模式与UE的严重程度和临床表现相关，从而提高诊断准确性并改善患者预后。方法：使用PubMed进行文献综述，科克伦图书馆,谷歌学者。搜索词包括“尿毒症脑病MRI”，“尿毒症和肾衰竭MRI”，和“毒性和代谢性或获得性脑病MRI”。纳入标准是以英文发表的关于UE和MRI结果的原始文章。结果：常见的MRI序列包括T1加权，T2加权，FLAIR,和DWI。UE中常见的MRI发现是基底神经节和脑室周围白质等区域的细胞毒性和血管源性脑水肿。“象形叉形标志”和基底神经节受累等模式是UE的关键指标。结论：MRI通过识别特征性脑水肿和特定模式在诊断UE中起着至关重要的作用。全面的诊断方法，结合临床，实验室,和成像数据，对于准确的诊断和管理至关重要。该研究呼吁进行更大的精心设计的队列，并进行长期随访，以提高对UE的理解和治疗。
