PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Up to 1.6 million tons of waste is produced annually by each of more than 21,000 concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) located in the United States (USA). These operations give rise to externalities, including adverse local and global health impacts from CAFO waste emissions, which can potentially outweigh their economic viability. However, a shortage of evidence synthesis research exclusively on the impacts of USA-based CAFO waste emissions may hinder effective policy development. This scoping review (ScR) study, adhering to the guidelines from the Joanna Briggs Institute, conducted a search in databases including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase in May 2020, resulting in ten publications that met the inclusion criteria. The results suggest possible exposure of CAFO workers to multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MDRSA), campylobacteriosis, and cryptosporidiosis. Communities near CAFOs experienced higher rates of adverse health impacts compared to those in non-CAFO areas, with patterns suggesting that proximity may correlate with increased odds of detrimental health effects. Implicit global health threats include methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), MDRSA, campylobacteriosis, tuberculosis, and cryptosporidiosis. These studies provide foundational insights into CAFO proximity, density patterns, and adverse public health effects, indicating a need for evidence-informed environmental health policies to minimize local and global risks.
摘要：
位于美国（USA）的21,000多个集中动物饲养业务（CAFO）每年产生高达160万吨的废物。这些操作产生了外部性，包括CAFO废物排放对当地和全球健康的不利影响，这可能会超过他们的经济可行性。然而,缺乏专门针对美国CAFO废物排放影响的证据综合研究可能会阻碍有效的政策制定。这项范围审查(ScR)研究，遵守乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的指导方针，在包括Scopus在内的数据库中进行了搜索，WebofScience,PubMed,和Embase于2020年5月发布，导致十份出版物符合纳入标准。结果表明，CAFO工人可能暴露于耐多药金黄色葡萄球菌（MDRSA），弯曲杆菌病，和隐孢子虫病.与非CAFO地区相比，CAFO附近的社区遭受了更高的不良健康影响，模式表明，接近可能与有害健康影响的几率增加有关。潜在的全球健康威胁包括耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA），MDRSA,弯曲杆菌病，结核病,和隐孢子虫病.这些研究提供了对CAFO接近度的基本见解，密度模式，以及对公众健康的不良影响，这表明需要制定有证据的环境卫生政策，以最大限度地减少地方和全球风险。
