PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Against the backdrop of global warming, intensifying regional conflicts, deglobalization, and the spread of diseases, global food security is facing severe challenges. Studying the food security situation in China and the United States in depth can provide practical experience for formulating food security policies for countries around the world and promoting global food security governance. On the basis of a meticulous review of the evolving connotations of food security, this study adopts six dimensions-quantity security, quality security, circulation security, economic security, ecological resource security, and policy security-as breakthrough points to construct a framework consisting of food security evaluation indicator system comprising 29 specific indicators. The CRITIC-MEREC-MARCOS model is applied to evaluate the status of food security in China and the United States from 2000 to 2022, while the obstacle degree model (ODM) model is utilized to identify factors impeding food security between the two countries. The results indicate that the level of food security in China has shown slight fluctuations initially, followed by a steady upward trend. The gap with the United States is continuously narrowing. However, significant differences between China and the United States still exist in terms of economic security, ecological resource security, and policy security. Furthermore, due to the limited productivity of agricultural labor, scarcity of water and soil resources, and low efficiency in the use of fertilizers and pesticides, China\'s food security is subject to economic and environmental constraints. The restrictions imposed by economic security and ecological resource security on China\'s food security are showing an increasing trend year by year. For the United States, with the obstruction of grain exports and the increasing frequency of drought disasters, the impact of circulation security and ecological resource security on food security is becoming increasingly prominent. In the future, China and the United States should join hands to address challenges, actively promote international cooperation in food security, and drive sustainable development for humanity.
摘要：
在全球变暖的背景下，加剧地区冲突,去全球化，和疾病的传播，全球粮食安全面临严峻挑战。深入研究中美两国的粮食安全状况,可以为世界各国制定粮食安全政策、推进全球粮食安全治理提供实践经验。在对粮食安全不断演变的内涵进行细致梳理的基础上,本研究采用六个维度——数量安全，质量安全,流通安全,经济安全,生态资源安全,以政策安全为切入点，构建由29个具体指标组成的粮食安全评价指标体系框架。运用CRITIC-MEREC-MARCOS模型对2000-2022年中美两国粮食安全状况进行评价,运用障碍度模型(ODM)模型对中美两国粮食安全的阻碍因素进行识别。结果表明,我国粮食安全水平初步呈现小幅波动,随后是稳步上升的趋势。与美国的差距在不断缩小。然而,中美两国在经济安全方面仍然存在重大差异，生态资源安全,和政策安全。此外，由于农业劳动生产率有限，水资源和土壤资源的短缺，化肥和农药使用效率低，中国的粮食安全受到经济和环境约束。经济安全和生态资源安全对我国粮食安全的制约呈逐年上升趋势。对于美国来说，随着粮食出口的受阻和干旱灾害的日益频繁，流通安全和生态资源安全对粮食安全的影响日益突出。在未来,中美两国应该携手应对挑战,积极推进粮食安全国际合作,推动人类的可持续发展。
