PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
IgE-mediated allergies represent a major health problem in the modern world. Apart from allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT), the only disease-modifying treatment, researchers focus on biologics that target different key molecules such as allergens, IgE, or type 2 cytokines to ameliorate allergic symptoms. Single-domain antibodies, or nanobodies, are the newcomers in biotherapeutics, and their huge potential is being investigated in various research fields since their discovery 30 years ago. While they are dominantly applied for theranostics of cancer and treatment of infectious diseases, nanobodies have become increasingly substantial in allergology over the last decade. In this review, we discuss the prerequisites that we consider to be important for generating useful nanobody-based drug candidates for treating allergies. We further summarize the available research data on nanobodies used as allergen monitoring and detection probes and for therapeutic approaches. We reflect on the limitations that have to be addressed during the development process, such as in vivo half-life and immunogenicity. Finally, we speculate about novel application formats for allergy treatment that might be available in the future.
摘要：
IgE介导的过敏代表了现代世界的主要健康问题。除了过敏原特异性免疫疗法（AIT），唯一的改善疾病的治疗方法，研究人员专注于针对不同关键分子的生物制剂，如过敏原，IgE,或2型细胞因子来改善过敏症状。单结构域抗体,或者纳米抗体，是生物治疗的新来者，自30年前发现以来，它们的巨大潜力正在各个研究领域进行研究。虽然它们主要用于癌症的治疗和传染病的治疗，在过去的十年中，纳米抗体在变态反应学中变得越来越重要。在这次审查中,我们讨论了我们认为对于产生用于治疗过敏的有用的基于纳米抗体的候选药物很重要的先决条件.我们进一步总结了关于用作过敏原监测和检测探针以及用于治疗方法的纳米抗体的可用研究数据。我们反思了在开发过程中必须解决的局限性，如体内半衰期和免疫原性。最后,我们推测未来可能会出现的变态反应治疗的新应用形式。
