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Abstract：
Female fertility depends on the ovarian reserve of follicles, which is determined at birth. Primordial follicle development and oocyte maturation are regulated by multiple factors and pathways and classified into gonadotropin-independent and gonadotropin-dependent phases, according to the response to gonadotropins. Folliculogenesis has always been considered to be gonadotropin-dependent only from the antral stage, but evidence from the literature highlights the role of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) during early folliculogenesis with a potential role in the progression of the pool of primordial follicles. Hormonal and molecular pathway alterations during the very earliest stages of folliculogenesis may be the root cause of anovulation in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and in PCOS-like phenotypes related to antiepileptic treatment. Excessive induction of primordial follicle activation can also lead to premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), a condition characterized by menopause in women before 40 years of age. Future treatments aiming to suppress initial recruitment or prevent the growth of resting follicles could help in prolonging female fertility, especially in women with PCOS or POI. This review will briefly introduce the impact of gonadotropins on early folliculogenesis. We will discuss the influence of LH on ovarian reserve and its potential role in PCOS and POI infertility.
摘要：
女性的生育能力取决于卵泡的卵巢储备，这是在出生时决定的。原始卵泡发育和卵母细胞成熟受多种因素和途径调节，分为促性腺激素依赖性和促性腺激素依赖性阶段。根据对促性腺激素的反应。毛囊发生一直被认为是促性腺激素依赖性仅从窦阶段开始，但文献中的证据强调了促卵泡激素(FSH)和黄体生成素(LH)在早期卵泡形成过程中的作用,在原始卵泡池的进展中具有潜在的作用.在卵泡发生的最早期阶段，激素和分子途径的改变可能是多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）和与抗癫痫治疗相关的PCOS样表型的无排卵的根本原因。过度诱导原始卵泡激活也可导致卵巢早衰(POI),一种以40岁以前妇女更年期为特征的疾病。未来旨在抑制初始募集或防止静止卵泡生长的治疗方法可能有助于延长女性生育能力，尤其是患有PCOS或POI的女性。本文将简要介绍促性腺激素对早期卵泡发育的影响。我们将讨论LH对卵巢储备的影响及其在PCOS和POI不孕症中的潜在作用。
