PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Since the dawn of agriculture, crops have been genetically altered for desirable characteristics. This has included the selection of natural and induced mutants. Increasing the production of plant oils such as soybean (Glycine max) oil as a renewable resource for food and fuel is valuable. Successful breeding for higher oil levels in soybeans, however, usually results in reduced seed protein. A soybean fast neutron population was screened for oil content, and three high oil mutants with minimal reductions in protein levels were found. Three backcross F2 populations derived from these mutants exhibited segregation for seed oil content. DNA was pooled from the high-oil and normal-oil plants within each population and assessed by comparative genomic hybridization. A deletion encompassing 20 gene models on chromosome 14 was found to co-segregate with the high-oil trait in two of the three populations. Eighteen genes in the deleted region have known functions that appear unrelated to oil biosynthesis and accumulation pathways, while one of the unknown genes (Glyma.14G101900) may contribute to the regulation of lipid droplet formation. This high-oil trait can facilitate the breeding of high-oil soybeans without protein reduction, resulting in higher meal protein levels.
摘要：
自从农业诞生以来，作物已经被基因改造为理想的特征。这包括天然和诱导突变体的选择。增加植物油如大豆(Glycinemax)油作为食品和燃料的可再生资源的产量是有价值的。成功育种大豆中的高油水平，然而,通常导致种子蛋白质减少。筛选了大豆快中子种群的含油量，发现了三种蛋白质水平降低最小的高油突变体。来自这些突变体的三个回交F2种群表现出种子油含量的分离。从每个群体中的高油和正常油植物中合并DNA，并通过比较基因组杂交进行评估。在三个种群中的两个种群中，发现包含14号染色体上20个基因模型的缺失与高油性状共分离。缺失区域中的18个基因具有已知的功能，这些功能似乎与石油生物合成和积累途径无关，而未知基因之一（Glyma.14G101900）可能有助于调节脂滴的形成。这种高油性状可以促进高油大豆的育种，而不减少蛋白质，导致更高的膳食蛋白质水平。
