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Abstract：
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is an organ actively involved in mechanical processes, where it detects forces via a mechanosensation mechanism. Mechanosensation relies on specialized cells termed mechanoreceptors, which convert mechanical forces into electrochemical signals via mechanosensors. The mechanosensitive Piezo1 and Piezo2 are widely expressed in various mechanosensitive cells that respond to GI mechanical forces by altering transmembrane ionic currents, such as epithelial cells, enterochromaffin cells, and intrinsic and extrinsic enteric neurons. This review highlights recent research advances on mechanosensitive Piezo channels in GI physiology and pathology. Specifically, the latest insights on the role of Piezo channels in the intestinal barrier, GI motility, and intestinal mechanosensation are summarized. Additionally, an overview of Piezo channels in the pathogenesis of GI disorders, including irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and GI cancers, is provided. Overall, the presence of mechanosensitive Piezo channels offers a promising new perspective for the treatment of various GI disorders.
摘要：
胃肠道（GI）是一个器官积极参与机械过程，它通过机械感觉机制检测力。机械感觉依赖于称为机械感受器的专门细胞，通过机械传感器将机械力转换为电化学信号。机械敏感性Piezo1和Piezo2在各种机械敏感性细胞中广泛表达，这些细胞通过改变跨膜离子电流来响应GI机械力，如上皮细胞，肠嗜铬细胞,和内在和外在的肠神经元。本文重点介绍了机械敏感性压电通道在胃肠道生理和病理中的最新研究进展。具体来说,关于压电通道在肠屏障中的作用的最新见解，胃肠运动性,并对肠道机械感觉进行了总结。此外,Piezo通道在胃肠道疾病发病机制中的概述，包括肠易激综合征,炎症性肠病，和胃肠道癌症，提供。总的来说,机械敏感性压电通道的存在为各种胃肠道疾病的治疗提供了有希望的新观点。
