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Abstract：
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease, and its development is the result of a combination of factors, including genetic factors, environmental factors, immune dysfunction and other factors. Its specific mechanism has not yet been fully investigated. With the improvement of disease models, research on the pathogenesis of asthma has made great progress. Immunological disorders play an important role in asthma. Previously, we thought that asthma was mainly caused by an imbalance between Th1 and Th2 immune responses, but this theory cannot fully explain the pathogenesis of asthma. Recent studies have shown that T-cell subsets such as Th1 cells, Th2 cells, Th17 cells, Tregs and their cytokines contribute to asthma through different mechanisms. For the purpose of the present study, asthma was classified into distinct phenotypes based on airway inflammatory cells, such as eosinophilic asthma, characterized by predominant eosinophil aggregates, and neutrophilic asthma, characterized by predominant neutrophil aggregates. This paper will examine the immune mechanisms underlying different types of asthma, and will utilize data from animal models and clinical studies targeting specific immune pathways to inform more precise treatments for this condition.
摘要：
哮喘是一种异质性疾病，它的发展是多种因素综合作用的结果，包括遗传因素,环境因素,免疫功能紊乱等因素。其具体机制尚未得到充分研究。随着疾病模型的改进,哮喘发病机制的研究取得了很大进展。免疫疾病在哮喘中起重要作用。以前,我们认为哮喘主要是由Th1和Th2免疫反应失衡引起的，但这一理论并不能完全解释哮喘的发病机制。最近的研究表明,T细胞亚群如Th1细胞,Th2细胞，Th17细胞，Tregs及其细胞因子通过不同的机制促进哮喘。就本研究而言，哮喘根据气道炎症细胞分为不同的表型，比如嗜酸性粒细胞哮喘,以主要的嗜酸性粒细胞聚集为特征，和嗜中性粒细胞哮喘，以主要的中性粒细胞聚集为特征。本文将研究不同类型哮喘的免疫机制，并将利用来自针对特定免疫途径的动物模型和临床研究的数据，为这种情况提供更精确的治疗方法。
