Abstract：
According to the World Health Organization, cancer is the foremost cause of mortality globally. Various phytochemicals from natural sources have been extensively studied for their anticancer properties. Allicin, a powerful organosulfur compound derived from garlic, exhibits anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and antibacterial properties. This review aims to update and evaluate the chemistry, composition, mechanisms of action, and pharmacokinetics Allicin. Allicin has garnered significant attention for its potential role in modulating Fas-FasL, Bcl2-Bax, PI3K-Akt-mTOR, autophagy, and miRNA pathways. At the molecular level, allicin induces the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and enhances the activation of caspases-3, -8, and -9. This is accompanied by the simultaneous upregulation of Bax and Fas expression in tumor cells. Allicin can inhibit excessive autophagy by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK/ERK/mTOR signaling pathways. Allicin-loaded nano-formulations efficiently induce apoptosis in cancer cells while minimizing toxicity to normal cells. Safety and clinical aspects are meticulously scrutinized, providing insights into the tolerability and adverse effects associated with allicin administration, along with an overview of current clinical trials evaluating its therapeutic potential. In conclusion, this review underscores the promising prospects of allicin as a dietary-derived medicinal compound for cancer therapy. It emphasizes the need for further research to elucidate its precise mechanisms of action, optimize delivery strategies, and validate its efficacy in clinical settings.
摘要：
根据世界卫生组织，癌症是全球死亡的首要原因。已经广泛研究了来自天然来源的各种植物化学物质的抗癌特性。大蒜素,一种来自大蒜的强大的有机硫化合物，展示抗癌，抗氧化剂，抗炎,抗真菌药,和抗菌性能。这篇综述旨在更新和评估化学，composition,行动机制,和药代动力学大蒜素。大蒜素因其在调节Fas-FasL中的潜在作用而受到关注，Bcl2-Bax,PI3K-Akt-mTOR,自噬,和miRNA途径。在分子水平上,大蒜素诱导线粒体释放细胞色素c并增强caspases-3、-8和-9的激活。这伴随着肿瘤细胞中Bax和Fas表达的同时上调。大蒜素可通过激活PI3K/Akt/mTOR和MAPK/ERK/mTOR信号通路抑制过度自噬。负载大蒜素的纳米制剂有效地诱导癌细胞凋亡,同时最小化对正常细胞的毒性。安全和临床方面都经过仔细审查，提供与大蒜素给药相关的耐受性和不良反应的见解，以及评估其治疗潜力的当前临床试验的概述。总之,这篇综述强调了大蒜素作为一种膳食来源的药物用于癌症治疗的前景。强调需要进一步研究阐明其确切的作用机制,优化交付策略，并验证其在临床环境中的疗效。
