PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Cephalosporin antibiotics are widely used in clinical settings, but they can cause hypersensitivity reactions, which may be influenced by genetic factors such as the expression of Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules. This study aimed to investigate whether specific HLA alleles were associated with an increased risk of adverse reactions to cephalosporins among individuals in the Taiwanese population. This retrospective case-control study analyzed data from the Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI) on 27,933 individuals who received cephalosporin exposure and had HLA allele genotyping information available. Using logistic regression analyses, we examined the associations between HLA genotypes, comorbidities, allergy risk, and severity. Among the study population, 278 individuals had cephalosporin allergy and 2780 were in the control group. Our results indicated that certain HLA alleles, including HLA-B*55:02 (OR = 1.76, 95% CI 1.18-2.61, p = 0.005), HLA-C*01:02 (OR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.05-1.77, p = 0.018), and HLA-DQB1*06:09 (OR = 2.58, 95% CI 1.62-4.12, p < 0.001), were significantly associated with an increased risk of cephalosporin allergy reactions. Additionally, the HLA-C*01:02 allele genotype was significantly associated with a higher risk of severe allergy (OR = 2.33, 95% CI 1.05-5.15, p = 0.04). This study identified significant associations between HLA alleles and an increased risk of cephalosporin allergy, which can aid in early detection and prediction of adverse drug reactions to cephalosporins. Furthermore, our study highlights the importance of HLA typing in drug safety and expanding our knowledge of drug hypersensitivity syndromes.
摘要：
头孢菌素类抗生素广泛应用于临床，但它们会引起过敏反应，这可能受到遗传因素的影响，例如人类白细胞抗原（HLA）分子的表达。这项研究旨在调查特定的HLA等位基因是否与台湾人群中头孢菌素不良反应的风险增加有关。这项回顾性病例对照研究分析了台湾精准医学倡议（TPMI）对27,933名接受头孢菌素暴露并具有HLA等位基因基因分型信息的个体的数据。使用逻辑回归分析，我们检查了HLA基因型之间的关联，合并症,过敏风险，和严重性。在研究人群中，278例患者有头孢菌素过敏，对照组2780例。我们的结果表明某些HLA等位基因，包括HLA-B*55:02（OR=1.76，95%CI1.18-2.61，p=0.005），HLA-C*01:02（OR=1.36，95%CI1.05-1.77，p=0.018），和HLA-DQB1*06:09（OR=2.58，95%CI1.62-4.12，p<0.001），与头孢菌素过敏反应的风险增加显著相关。此外,HLA-C*01:02等位基因基因型与严重过敏的高风险显著相关(OR=2.33,95%CI1.05-5.15,p=0.04).这项研究确定了HLA等位基因与头孢菌素过敏风险增加之间的显着关联。有助于早期发现和预测头孢菌素类药物的不良反应。此外，我们的研究强调了HLA分型在药物安全性方面的重要性,并扩大了我们对药物超敏反应综合征的认识.
