Abstract：
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis in the world and can lead to severe complications in immunocompromised individuals. HEV is primarily transmitted through eating pork, which has led to an increased in anti-HEV IgG seropositivity in the general population of Europe in particular. However, it can also be transmitted intravenously, such as through transfusions. The growing evidence of HEV contamination of blood products and documented cases of transmission have given rise to practice changes and blood product screening of HEV in many European countries. This review covers the abundant European literature and focuses on the most recent data pertaining to the prevalence of HEV RNA positivity and IgG seropositivity in the North American general population and in blood products from Canada and the United States. Currently, Health Canada and the Food and Drug Administration do not require testing of HEV in blood products. For this reason, awareness among blood product prescribers about the possibility of HEV transmission through blood products is crucial. However, we also demonstrate that the province of Quebec has a prevalence of anti-HEV and HEV RNA positivity similar to some European countries. In light of this, we believe that HEV RNA blood donation screening be reevaluated with the availability of more cost-effective assays.
摘要：
戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）是世界上急性病毒性肝炎的最常见原因，可导致免疫功能低下个体的严重并发症。HEV主要通过吃猪肉传播，特别是在欧洲普通人群中，这导致了抗HEVIgG血清阳性的增加。然而,它也可以通过静脉传播，比如通过输血。越来越多的证据表明HEV污染的血液制品和记录在案的传播病例引起了许多欧洲国家HEV的实践变化和血液制品筛查。这篇综述涵盖了丰富的欧洲文献，并着重于有关北美普通人群以及加拿大和美国血液制品中HEVRNA阳性和IgG血清阳性的最新数据。目前,加拿大卫生部和食品和药物管理局不要求检测血液制品中的HEV。出于这个原因,血液制品处方者对HEV通过血液制品传播的可能性的认识至关重要。然而,我们还证明,魁北克省的抗HEV和HEVRNA阳性患病率与一些欧洲国家相似.鉴于此,我们认为,HEVRNA献血筛查可以通过更具成本效益的检测方法来重新评估.
