PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Humans are the result of an evolutionary process, and because of this, many biological processes are interconnected with each other. The intestine-brain axis consists of an intricately connected neuronal-neuroendocrine circuit that regulates the sensation of hunger and satiety. Genetic variations and the consumption of unnatural diets (ultra-processed foods, high contents of sugars, etc.) can override this circuit and cause addiction to certain foods and/or the inability to feel satiety in certain situations. The patients who come to consultations (mainly psychology or nutrition) in an attempt to resolve this problem sometimes fail, which leads to them looking for new strategies based on biological predisposition. This investigation aims to evaluate the genetic studies regarding the microbiota carried out in the last 12 years in humans to try to determine which genes and microbes that have been recently studied are related to patients diagnosed with binge eating disorder or compulsive eating (presenting obesity or not). The protocol followed the PRISMA statement, and the following databases were searched from 2012 until the present day: PubMed, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, and Web of Science. Twenty-four international articles were analyzed, including cross-sectional or exploratory studies; five of them referred to the microbial composition, and in nineteen, the existence of genetic polymorphisms present in binge eating disorder or in compulsive eating could be observed: DRD2, OPRM1, COMT, MC4R, BNDF, FTO, SLC6A3, GHRL, CARTPT, MCHR2, and LRP11. Even though there is still much to investigate on the subject, it must be highlighted that, in the last 4 years, a two-fold increase has been observed in potential markers and in studies related to the matter, also highlighting the importance of different analyses in relation to psychosocial factors and their interaction with the genetic and microbial factors, for which research on the matter must be continued.
摘要：
人类是进化过程的结果，正因为如此,许多生物过程是相互联系的。肠-脑轴由错综复杂的神经元-神经内分泌回路组成，调节饥饿和饱腹感。遗传变异和非自然饮食的消费（超加工食品，高糖含量，等。）可以覆盖此电路，并导致对某些食物的成瘾和/或在某些情况下无法感到饱腹感。为了解决这个问题而来咨询（主要是心理学或营养学）的患者有时会失败，这导致他们寻找基于生物易感性的新策略。这项调查旨在评估过去12年在人类中进行的有关微生物群的遗传研究，以试图确定最近研究的哪些基因和微生物与被诊断为暴饮暴食症或强迫性进食（呈现肥胖与否）的患者有关。协议遵循PRISMA声明，从2012年至今，搜索了以下数据库：PubMed，PsycINFO,Scopus,和WebofScience。分析了24篇国际文章，包括横断面或探索性研究；其中五项涉及微生物组成，在十九岁，可以观察到暴饮暴食症或强迫性进食中存在的遗传多态性：DRD2，OPRM1，COMT，MC4R,BNDF,FTO,SLC6A3,GHRL,CARTPT,MCHR2和LRP11。尽管在这个问题上还有很多需要调查的地方,必须强调的是，在过去的四年里，在潜在标志物和与该物质相关的研究中观察到了两倍的增加，还强调了对心理社会因素及其与遗传和微生物因素相互作用的不同分析的重要性，为此，必须继续对此事进行研究。
