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Abstract：
Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed tumor, remaining one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in females worldwide, with the highest rates in Western countries. Among metastatic BC (MBC), triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by the lack of expression of specific receptors, and differs from other subgroups of BC for its increased growth and fast spreading, with reduced treatment possibilities and a worse outcome. Actually, MBC patients are extremely prone to metastasis and consequent relapses, which affect distant target organs (e.g., brain, lung, bone and liver). Hence, the comprehension of biological mechanisms underlying the BC metastatization process is a key requirement to conceive/set up innovative medicinal strategies, with the goal to achieve long-lasting therapeutic efficacy, reducing adverse effects, and also ameliorating Quality of Life (QoL). Bioactive metabolites isolated from medicinal mushrooms (MMs) used as a supportive treatment, combined with conventional oncology, have recently gained wide interest. In fact, mounting evidence has revealed their peculiar promising immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities, even though these effects have to be further clarified. Among the group of most promising MMs are Lentinula edodes, Grifola frondosa, Ganoderma lucidum, Ophiocordyceps sinensis and Agaricus blazei, which are already employed in conventional cancer protocols in Asia and China. Recently, a growing number of studies have focused on the pharmacology and feasibility of MM-derived bioactive compounds as a novel valuable approach to propose an effective adjuvant therapy for MBC patients\' management. In this review, we summarized the current state of knowledge on the abovementioned MM-derived bioactive compounds and their therapeutic potential in clinical settings.
摘要：
乳腺癌（BC）是最常见的诊断肿瘤，仍然是全球女性发病率和死亡率的主要原因之一，与西方国家最高的比率。在转移性BC（MBC）中，三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）的特点是缺乏特异性受体的表达，与BC的其他亚组不同的是，它的增长和快速传播，治疗可能性降低，结果更差。事实上,MBC患者极易发生转移和复发，影响远处的靶器官(例如，大脑,肺，骨骼和肝脏）。因此，理解BC转移过程的生物学机制是构思/建立创新药物策略的关键要求，以达到持久的治疗效果为目标，减少不利影响，并改善生活质量（QoL）。从药用蘑菇（MMs）中分离出的生物活性代谢物用作支持性治疗，结合常规肿瘤学，最近引起了广泛的兴趣。事实上,越来越多的证据揭示了它们独特的有前途的免疫调节，抗炎和抗癌活性，即使这些影响必须进一步澄清。最有前途的MMs是香菇，灰树花,灵芝,冬虫夏草和姬松茸，已经在亚洲和中国的常规癌症方案中使用。最近,越来越多的研究集中在MM衍生的生物活性化合物的药理学和可行性,作为一种新的有价值的方法,为MBC患者提供有效的辅助治疗.在这次审查中,我们总结了有关上述MM衍生的生物活性化合物及其在临床环境中的治疗潜力的最新知识。
