PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Introduction: Propolis has a wide range of biological and pharmacological actions, including antioxidant properties-particularly its phenolic and flavonoid constituents-that could potentially protect the reproductive system from oxidative damage. Method: Four groups were allocated 40 male Wistar rats each. The vehicle was given to the first group\'s normal control rats negative control. The second, third, and fourth groups of diabetic rats were given vehicle (diabetic control) and propolis orally at 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively, for 8 weeks. Diabetes was induced in rats via injection of nicotinamide and streptozotocin (STZ). Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and insulin levels, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and semen analysis were assessed. In addition, assessments of serum reproductive hormones, including total testosterone (TTST), estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone luteinizing hormone (LH), and prolactin (PRL), were measured at the end of the study. Tissue total testosterone, E2, and dihydrotestosterone were also evaluated. Serum and tissue oxidative enzymes, including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities, were examined, and malondialdehyde content was determined. The pancreatic and testicular tissues were histopathologically examined, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) in testicular tissue were immunohistochemically analyzed. Testicular tissue was examined for DNA integrity using a comet assay. Results: Compared to the STZ-control group, propolis greatly decreased FBG levels and improved the glycemic status of diabetic rats. In comparison to the STZ-DC group, propolis increased the number of sperm cells and the percent of morphologically normal and viable sperm in male rats, improving their fertility. Propolis also restored the pancreatic islets, protected the testis from oxidative stress, and increased levels of reproductive hormones in the blood, especially testosterone. Moreover, propolis at high doses demonstrated a strong positive response for Bcl-2 and a negative expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in spermatogenic cells. Conclusion: The data obtained strongly indicate that STZ causes severe impairments to the testis whereas propolis, acting as an antioxidant, protects against the adverse effects of STZ on the testis.
摘要：
简介：蜂胶具有广泛的生物和药理作用，包括抗氧化特性-特别是其酚类和类黄酮成分-可以潜在地保护生殖系统免受氧化损伤。方法:随机分为4组,每组40只雄性Wistar大鼠。将载体给予第一组正常对照大鼠阴性对照。第二个,第三,第四组糖尿病大鼠分别口服溶媒（糖尿病对照）和蜂胶，剂量为50和100mg/kg，分别,八个星期。通过注射烟酰胺和链脲佐菌素（STZ）在大鼠中诱发糖尿病。空腹血糖（FBG）和胰岛素水平，胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估(HOMA-IR)，和精液分析进行评估。此外,血清生殖激素的评估，包括总睾酮（TTST），雌二醇（E2），卵泡刺激素黄体生成素(LH),和催乳素（PRL），在研究结束时测量。组织总睾酮，还评估了E2和二氢睾酮。血清和组织氧化酶，包括过氧化氢酶（CAT），超氧化物歧化酶,和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性，被检查，并测定丙二醛含量。对胰腺和睾丸组织进行组织病理学检查，对睾丸组织中的增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）和B细胞淋巴瘤2（Bcl-2）进行免疫组织化学分析。使用彗星测定法检查睾丸组织的DNA完整性。结果:与STZ对照组相比,蜂胶能显著降低糖尿病大鼠的FBG水平,改善血糖状态。与STZ-DC组相比，蜂胶增加了雄性大鼠的精子细胞数量和形态正常和存活精子的百分比，提高他们的生育能力。蜂胶也恢复了胰岛,保护睾丸免受氧化应激，血液中生殖激素水平升高，尤其是睾丸激素.此外，高剂量蜂胶对Bcl-2表现出强烈的阳性反应，而生精细胞中增殖细胞核抗原的表达为阴性。结论：获得的数据强烈表明，STZ对睾丸造成严重损害，而蜂胶，作为抗氧化剂，防止STZ对睾丸的不利影响。
