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Abstract：
There is a research gap in understanding the relationship between nutrient deficiency and food insecurity among adolescent girls in Afghanistan. The objective of this study was to investigate the associations between nutrient deficiencies and food insecurity among middle and high school-aged girls in Kabul. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 380 randomly selected 11-18-year-old girls attending public schools in grades 6-12. We assessed girls\' food insecurity, food and nutrient intake, socioeconomic status, and physical activity. Nutrient consumption was calculated using Nutritionist IV software. Statistical analyses, including one-way analysis of variance, Chi-square tests, and t-tests, were used to assess the association between dietary intake and food insecurity. More than half (52.9%) of the participants were food insecure, with 35.8% experiencing hunger and 17.1% without hunger. Vitamin B3, C, selenium, and iron had the highest sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy and were the best indicators of food insecurity with and without hunger. The most prevalent nutrient deficiencies were vitamin B9 and E, calcium, magnesium, and zinc inadequacies. Food security was positively associated with fruit, vitamins E and K, dairy products (e.g., milk, yogurt, and cheese), meat products (e.g., chicken, meat, red meat, and egg), and nut intake. Our findings suggest that adolescent girls in Kabul may benefit from food programs that enrich nutrients such as B9 and E, calcium, magnesium, and zinc, which were found to be the most prevalent nutrient deficiencies. These findings highlight the importance of addressing food insecurity and nutrient deficiencies among adolescent girls in Afghanistan.
摘要：
在了解阿富汗少女营养缺乏与粮食不安全之间的关系方面存在研究空白。这项研究的目的是调查喀布尔初中和高中女孩的营养缺乏与粮食不安全之间的关系。我们对380名随机选择的6-12年级公立学校的11-18岁女孩进行了横断面研究。我们评估了女孩的食物不安全，食物和营养摄入，社会经济地位,和身体活动。使用营养学家IV软件计算营养素消耗。统计分析，包括单向方差分析，卡方检验,和t检验，用于评估饮食摄入与食物不安全之间的关系。超过一半(52.9%)的参与者食物不安全,35.8%的人经历饥饿，17.1%的人没有饥饿。维生素B3，C，硒,铁的灵敏度最高，特异性，和准确性，是有和没有饥饿的粮食不安全的最佳指标。最普遍的营养缺乏是维生素B9和E，钙，镁，锌的不足。粮食安全与水果呈正相关，维生素E和K,乳制品(例如，牛奶，酸奶,和奶酪），肉类产品(例如，鸡肉,肉，红肉,和鸡蛋)，和坚果摄入量。我们的研究结果表明，喀布尔的青春期女孩可能会受益于富含营养的食物计划，如B9和E，钙，镁，还有锌,被发现是最普遍的营养缺乏。这些调查结果强调了解决阿富汗少女粮食不安全和营养缺乏的重要性。
