PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Tobacco smoking poses a significant risk for various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, and cancers. In Kenya, tobacco-related deaths contribute substantially to non-communicable disease mortality. This study aims to quantify the mortality attributed to tobacco smoking in Kenya from 2012 to 2021.
METHODS: Employing a prevalence-based analysis model, the study utilized population attributable fraction (PAF) to estimate age-specific smoke attributable mortality (SAM) rates for individuals aged ≥35 years. Causes of death associated with tobacco use, including cancers, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, tuberculosis, and diabetes, were analyzed based on age, sex, and death records between 2012 and 2021.
RESULTS: Over the study period, 60228 deaths were attributed to tobacco-related diseases, with an annual increase observed until 2016 and subsequent fluctuations. Respiratory diseases, diabetes mellitus, malignant cancers, tuberculosis, and cardiovascular diseases collectively accounted for 16.5% of deaths among individuals aged ≥35 years. Notable contributors were pneumonia and influenza (respiratory diseases), esophageal cancer (cancers), and cerebrovascular diseases (cardiovascular diseases). Of the observed deaths, 16.5% were attributed to smoking, with respiratory diseases (40.5%), malignant cancers (31.4%), tuberculosis (13%), cardiovascular diseases (8.9%), and diabetes mellitus (6.1%) contributing. Pneumonia and influenza, esophageal cancer, chronic airway obstruction, and tuberculosis were primary causes, comprising 70% of all SAM.
CONCLUSIONS: Tobacco-related mortality is a significant public health concern in Kenya. Efforts should focus on preventing tobacco use and managing associated disease burdens. Smoking cessation initiatives and comprehensive tobacco control measures are imperative to mitigate the impact on population health.
METHODS: Employing a prevalence-based analysis model, the study utilized population attributable fraction (PAF) to estimate age-specific smoke attributable mortality (SAM) rates for individuals aged ≥35 years. Causes of death associated with tobacco use, including cancers, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, tuberculosis, and diabetes, were analyzed based on age, sex, and death records between 2012 and 2021.
RESULTS: Over the study period, 60228 deaths were attributed to tobacco-related diseases, with an annual increase observed until 2016 and subsequent fluctuations. Respiratory diseases, diabetes mellitus, malignant cancers, tuberculosis, and cardiovascular diseases collectively accounted for 16.5% of deaths among individuals aged ≥35 years. Notable contributors were pneumonia and influenza (respiratory diseases), esophageal cancer (cancers), and cerebrovascular diseases (cardiovascular diseases). Of the observed deaths, 16.5% were attributed to smoking, with respiratory diseases (40.5%), malignant cancers (31.4%), tuberculosis (13%), cardiovascular diseases (8.9%), and diabetes mellitus (6.1%) contributing. Pneumonia and influenza, esophageal cancer, chronic airway obstruction, and tuberculosis were primary causes, comprising 70% of all SAM.
CONCLUSIONS: Tobacco-related mortality is a significant public health concern in Kenya. Efforts should focus on preventing tobacco use and managing associated disease burdens. Smoking cessation initiatives and comprehensive tobacco control measures are imperative to mitigate the impact on population health.
摘要：
背景：吸烟对各种疾病构成重大风险，包括心血管疾病,慢性呼吸系统疾病,和癌症。在肯尼亚,与烟草有关的死亡在很大程度上导致了非传染性疾病的死亡率。这项研究旨在量化2012年至2021年肯尼亚吸烟导致的死亡率。
方法：采用基于患病率的分析模型，本研究利用人口归因分数(PAF)估算≥35岁个体的年龄特异性烟雾归因死亡率(SAM).与吸烟有关的死亡原因，包括癌症,心血管疾病,呼吸系统疾病,结核病,糖尿病,根据年龄进行了分析，性别,以及2012年至2021年之间的死亡记录。
结果：在研究期间，60228例死亡归因于烟草相关疾病，观察到2016年之前的年度增长以及随后的波动。呼吸系统疾病,糖尿病,恶性肿瘤,结核病,和心血管疾病共同占年龄≥35岁个体死亡的16.5%。值得注意的原因是肺炎和流感（呼吸道疾病），食道癌（癌症），和脑血管疾病（心血管疾病）。在观察到的死亡中，16.5%归因于吸烟，患有呼吸系统疾病（40.5%），恶性肿瘤（31.4%），肺结核（13%），心血管疾病(8.9%)，和糖尿病（6.1％）。肺炎和流感，食道癌,慢性气道阻塞,结核病是主要原因，占所有SAM的70%。
结论：烟草相关死亡率在肯尼亚是一个重要的公共卫生问题。努力应侧重于预防烟草使用和管理相关的疾病负担。戒烟倡议和全面的烟草控制措施对于减轻对人口健康的影响至关重要。
方法：采用基于患病率的分析模型，本研究利用人口归因分数(PAF)估算≥35岁个体的年龄特异性烟雾归因死亡率(SAM).与吸烟有关的死亡原因，包括癌症,心血管疾病,呼吸系统疾病,结核病,糖尿病,根据年龄进行了分析，性别,以及2012年至2021年之间的死亡记录。
结果：在研究期间，60228例死亡归因于烟草相关疾病，观察到2016年之前的年度增长以及随后的波动。呼吸系统疾病,糖尿病,恶性肿瘤,结核病,和心血管疾病共同占年龄≥35岁个体死亡的16.5%。值得注意的原因是肺炎和流感（呼吸道疾病），食道癌（癌症），和脑血管疾病（心血管疾病）。在观察到的死亡中，16.5%归因于吸烟，患有呼吸系统疾病（40.5%），恶性肿瘤（31.4%），肺结核（13%），心血管疾病(8.9%)，和糖尿病（6.1％）。肺炎和流感，食道癌,慢性气道阻塞,结核病是主要原因，占所有SAM的70%。
结论：烟草相关死亡率在肯尼亚是一个重要的公共卫生问题。努力应侧重于预防烟草使用和管理相关的疾病负担。戒烟倡议和全面的烟草控制措施对于减轻对人口健康的影响至关重要。
