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Abstract：
To gain a better understanding of the factors that contribute to anxiety among PhD students and the reasons for poor regulation in the current situation, this paper analyses the existing literature on anxiety among PhD students using Green\'s model. It also compares and evaluates various methods of regulating anxiety. The literature review to extract information on the causes and levels of anxiety, methods and outcomes of anxiety intervention and regulation, and to make comparisons. The study reveals that the phenomenon of PhD students\' anxiety has intensified globally in recent years, especially after the end of the epidemic. PhD students experience anxiety due to research pressure, economic pressure, future development, and interpersonal pressure. The main influencing factors are currently the relationship with the supervisor, development prospects, social support, and peer comparison. Among the stress relief methods, the regulation of self-relaxation was found to have better effects on mild anxiety, such as positive thinking, meditation, yoga and physical exercise can be helpful for emotion release then help focus on problem solved. Whereas severe anxiety may require institutional and pharmacological support, also including using psychological therapy such as behavioral cognitive therapy and systematic desensitization methods. For university, competence to provide course-assisted guidance, such as writing groups, peer support, and time management, is also important. Academic communities should pay attention to the guidance on academic fairness. However, PhD students are often unaware of the resources available to them for coping with stress and may not take the initiative to seek psychological counseling or institutional assistance. Therefore, PhD students should receive support from various sources, be guided to express their thoughts, and receive additional education and academic assistance to manage stress. This will enhance their confidence and aid in improving their scientific research.
摘要：
为了更好地了解导致博士生焦虑的因素以及当前情况下监管不力的原因，本文利用格林模型分析了现有的关于博士生焦虑的文献。它还比较和评估了调节焦虑的各种方法。文献综述，以提取有关焦虑的原因和水平的信息，焦虑干预和调节的方法和结果，并进行比较。研究表明，近年来，博士生的焦虑现象在全球范围内加剧，尤其是在疫情结束后。博士生由于研究压力而感到焦虑，经济压力,未来发展,人际压力。主要影响因素是目前与主管的关系，发展前景,社会支持,和同行比较。在缓解压力的方法中，自我放松的调节被发现对轻度焦虑有更好的效果，比如积极思考，冥想，瑜伽和体育锻炼可以帮助释放情绪，然后帮助专注于解决问题。而严重的焦虑可能需要机构和药理支持，还包括使用心理治疗，如行为认知疗法和系统脱敏方法。对于大学来说，提供课程辅助指导的能力，比如写作小组，同行支持，时间管理,也很重要。学术共同体应重视学术公平的引导。然而,博士生通常不知道他们可以用来应对压力的资源，并且可能不会主动寻求心理咨询或机构援助。因此,博士生应该得到各种来源的支持，被引导表达他们的想法，并接受额外的教育和学术援助来管理压力。这将增强他们的信心，并有助于改善他们的科学研究。
