PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Palm kernel meal (PKM) is a by-product of oil palm kernel after oil extraction, which is widely used in animal feeds due to its high energy content. This study aimed to investigate the impact of supplementing Tibetan sheep with PKM on their hepatic phenotype, oxidative stress and immune response. A total of 120 Tibetan lambs (Initial weight = 12.37 ± 0.92 kg) were randomly assigned into four groups: control group (C group, 0% PKM diet), low group (L group, 15% PKM diet), middle group (M group, 18% PKM diet), and high group (H group, 21% PKM diet) on a dry matter basis. The feeding experiment was performed for 130 d, including a 10 d adaption period.
RESULTS: Results showed that the level of GSH-Px were higher in the H and M groups than in the C and L groups (P < 0.05). The levels of IgM and TNF-α were higher in the M group when compared to those on the C group (P < 0.05). The level of IgA was significantly higher in the M group than in the H group (P < 0.05). Additionally, compared with the others groups, the hepatocytes in the M group displayed a radial arrangement, forming hepatic plates that were centered around the central vein. The transcriptome results revealed that proteasome 26 S subunit, ATPase 3 (PSMC3), proteasome 26 S subunit, ATPase 5 (PSMC5), proteasome 26 S subunit ubiquitin receptor, non-ATPase 4 (PSMD4), proteasome activator subunit 1 (PSME1), acyl-CoA dehydrogenase short/branched chain (ACADSB), enoyl-CoA hydratase, short chain 1 (ECHS1), serine dehydratase (SDS), ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC), and phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) were the hub genes regulating the amino acid metabolism in the liver.
CONCLUSIONS: In summary, dietary 18% PMK supplementation contributed to improve the hepatic phenotype, oxidative stress and immune response through regulating the expression of related genes.
RESULTS: Results showed that the level of GSH-Px were higher in the H and M groups than in the C and L groups (P < 0.05). The levels of IgM and TNF-α were higher in the M group when compared to those on the C group (P < 0.05). The level of IgA was significantly higher in the M group than in the H group (P < 0.05). Additionally, compared with the others groups, the hepatocytes in the M group displayed a radial arrangement, forming hepatic plates that were centered around the central vein. The transcriptome results revealed that proteasome 26 S subunit, ATPase 3 (PSMC3), proteasome 26 S subunit, ATPase 5 (PSMC5), proteasome 26 S subunit ubiquitin receptor, non-ATPase 4 (PSMD4), proteasome activator subunit 1 (PSME1), acyl-CoA dehydrogenase short/branched chain (ACADSB), enoyl-CoA hydratase, short chain 1 (ECHS1), serine dehydratase (SDS), ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC), and phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) were the hub genes regulating the amino acid metabolism in the liver.
CONCLUSIONS: In summary, dietary 18% PMK supplementation contributed to improve the hepatic phenotype, oxidative stress and immune response through regulating the expression of related genes.
摘要：
背景：棕榈仁粉（PKM）是油提取后的油棕仁的副产品，由于其高能量含量而被广泛用于动物饲料。本研究旨在探讨添加PKM对藏羊肝脏表型的影响,氧化应激和免疫反应。将120只西藏羔羊（初始体重=12.37±0.92kg）随机分为四组：对照组（C组，0%PKM饮食)，低组(L组，15%PKM饮食)，中组（M组，18%PKM饮食)，和高组(H组，21%PKM日粮)以干物质为基础。饲喂实验进行了130d，包括10d的适应期。
结果：结果显示，H组和M组的GSH-Px水平高于C组和L组（P<0.05）。与C组相比，M组的IgM和TNF-α水平更高（P<0.05）。M组IgA程度明显高于H组(P<0.05)。此外,与其他群体相比，M组肝细胞呈放射状排列,形成以中央静脉为中心的肝板。转录组结果表明，蛋白酶体26S亚基，ATP酶3（PSMC3），蛋白酶体26S亚基，ATP酶5（PSMC5），蛋白酶体26S亚基泛素受体，非ATP酶4（PSMD4），蛋白酶体激活子亚基1（PSME1），酰基辅酶A脱氢酶短/支链（ACADSB），烯酰辅酶A水合酶，短链1（ECHS1），丝氨酸脱水酶(SDS),鸟氨酸转碳淀粉酶（OTC），和苯丙氨酸羟化酶（PAH）是调节肝脏氨基酸代谢的中心基因。
结论：总之，饮食中18%的PMK补充剂有助于改善肝脏表型，通过调节相关基因的表达来实现氧化应激和免疫应答。
结果：结果显示，H组和M组的GSH-Px水平高于C组和L组（P<0.05）。与C组相比，M组的IgM和TNF-α水平更高（P<0.05）。M组IgA程度明显高于H组(P<0.05)。此外,与其他群体相比，M组肝细胞呈放射状排列,形成以中央静脉为中心的肝板。转录组结果表明，蛋白酶体26S亚基，ATP酶3（PSMC3），蛋白酶体26S亚基，ATP酶5（PSMC5），蛋白酶体26S亚基泛素受体，非ATP酶4（PSMD4），蛋白酶体激活子亚基1（PSME1），酰基辅酶A脱氢酶短/支链（ACADSB），烯酰辅酶A水合酶，短链1（ECHS1），丝氨酸脱水酶(SDS),鸟氨酸转碳淀粉酶（OTC），和苯丙氨酸羟化酶（PAH）是调节肝脏氨基酸代谢的中心基因。
结论：总之，饮食中18%的PMK补充剂有助于改善肝脏表型，通过调节相关基因的表达来实现氧化应激和免疫应答。
