Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the modifiable risk factors associated with OSA and analyze extant publications solely focused on prevention of the disease.
METHODS: Studies focused on prevention strategies for OSA and modifiable risk factors were eligible for inclusion. A detailed individual search strategy for each of the following bibliographic databases was developed: Cochrane, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed and LILACS. The references cited in these articles were also crosschecked and a partial grey literature search was undertaken using Google Scholar. The methodology of selected studies was evaluated using the 14-item Quality Assessment Tool for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies.
RESULTS: Search resulted in 720 publications examining risk factors and prevention of OSA, as well as lifestyle modifications. Of these, a thorough assessment of the abstracts and content of each of these manuscripts led to the rejection of all but four papers, the latter being included in this systematic review. In contrast, a search regarding \'Therapeutics\' showed that 23,674 articles on OSA were published, clearly illustrating the imbalance between the efforts in prevention and those focused on therapeutics.
CONCLUSIONS: Notwithstanding the importance and benefits of technological advances in medicine, consideration of the needs of people with OSA and its consequences prompts advocacy for the prevention of the disease. Thus, despite the economic interests that focus only on diagnosis and treatment, strategies preferentially aimed at overall avoidance of OSA emerge as a major priority. Thus, public and healthcare provider education, multidimensional prevention, and early diagnosis of OSA should be encouraged worldwide.
METHODS: Studies focused on prevention strategies for OSA and modifiable risk factors were eligible for inclusion. A detailed individual search strategy for each of the following bibliographic databases was developed: Cochrane, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed and LILACS. The references cited in these articles were also crosschecked and a partial grey literature search was undertaken using Google Scholar. The methodology of selected studies was evaluated using the 14-item Quality Assessment Tool for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies.
RESULTS: Search resulted in 720 publications examining risk factors and prevention of OSA, as well as lifestyle modifications. Of these, a thorough assessment of the abstracts and content of each of these manuscripts led to the rejection of all but four papers, the latter being included in this systematic review. In contrast, a search regarding \'Therapeutics\' showed that 23,674 articles on OSA were published, clearly illustrating the imbalance between the efforts in prevention and those focused on therapeutics.
CONCLUSIONS: Notwithstanding the importance and benefits of technological advances in medicine, consideration of the needs of people with OSA and its consequences prompts advocacy for the prevention of the disease. Thus, despite the economic interests that focus only on diagnosis and treatment, strategies preferentially aimed at overall avoidance of OSA emerge as a major priority. Thus, public and healthcare provider education, multidimensional prevention, and early diagnosis of OSA should be encouraged worldwide.
摘要：
目的：本系统评价的目的是评估与OSA相关的可改变的危险因素，并分析仅针对该疾病的预防的现有出版物。
方法：研究集中在OSA的预防策略和可改变的危险因素可以纳入。为以下每个书目数据库开发了详细的个人搜索策略：Cochrane，EMBASE,MEDLINE,PubMed和LILACS。还交叉检查了这些文章中引用的参考文献，并使用GoogleScholar进行了部分灰色文献搜索。使用诊断准确性研究的14项质量评估工具对选定研究的方法进行评估。
结果：搜索结果产生了720份出版物，检查了OSA的危险因素和预防，以及生活方式的改变。其中,对这些手稿的摘要和内容进行了彻底的评估，导致拒绝了除四篇论文外的所有论文，后者被纳入本系统审查。相比之下,关于“治疗学”的搜索显示，发表了23,674篇关于OSA的文章，清楚地说明了预防努力与专注于治疗的努力之间的不平衡。
结论：尽管医学技术进步的重要性和益处，考虑OSA患者的需求及其后果，促使人们倡导预防该疾病。因此，尽管经济利益只关注诊断和治疗，优先以整体避免OSA为目标的策略成为主要优先事项。因此，公共和医疗保健提供者教育，多维预防，在全球范围内应鼓励OSA的早期诊断。
方法：研究集中在OSA的预防策略和可改变的危险因素可以纳入。为以下每个书目数据库开发了详细的个人搜索策略：Cochrane，EMBASE,MEDLINE,PubMed和LILACS。还交叉检查了这些文章中引用的参考文献，并使用GoogleScholar进行了部分灰色文献搜索。使用诊断准确性研究的14项质量评估工具对选定研究的方法进行评估。
结果：搜索结果产生了720份出版物，检查了OSA的危险因素和预防，以及生活方式的改变。其中,对这些手稿的摘要和内容进行了彻底的评估，导致拒绝了除四篇论文外的所有论文，后者被纳入本系统审查。相比之下,关于“治疗学”的搜索显示，发表了23,674篇关于OSA的文章，清楚地说明了预防努力与专注于治疗的努力之间的不平衡。
结论：尽管医学技术进步的重要性和益处，考虑OSA患者的需求及其后果，促使人们倡导预防该疾病。因此，尽管经济利益只关注诊断和治疗，优先以整体避免OSA为目标的策略成为主要优先事项。因此，公共和医疗保健提供者教育，多维预防，在全球范围内应鼓励OSA的早期诊断。
