PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Most young adults naturally mature out of high-risk substance use patterns, but it is important to identify factors that may impede normative declines. Use of alcohol and cannabis simultaneously (i.e., simultaneous alcohol and marijuana/cannabis [SAM]) is cross-sectionally associated with alcohol and cannabis concerns, and SAM use increases acute risks at the daily level. However, less is known about long-term risks of SAM use and, specifically, how SAM use relates to maturing out of alcohol and cannabis use. Using four consecutive years of survey data from young adults who reported SAM use (N=409; 1636 responses; aged 18-25 at baseline), we first estimated age-related changes in symptoms of alcohol and cannabis use disorder (AUD/CUD) using multilevel growth modeling. Findings supported a maturing out process, as both AUD and CUD symptom severity significantly declined across young adulthood, on average (4 % and 5 % per year respectively, with significant acceleration). Cross-level interactions tested whether participants\' mean SAM use frequency across all four timepoints moderated age-related trajectories in AUD/CUD symptom severity. Significant interactions indicated that, relative to less-frequent SAM use, participants with more frequent SAM use showed less steep declines in AUD (1 % decrease per year vs. 6 % per year) and CUD symptoms (0 % decrease per year vs. 7 % per year); thus, SAM frequency was associated with slower/delayed maturing out of hazardous alcohol and cannabis use. Findings highlight that SAM use may be a correlate or risk-factor for prolonged high-risk substance use during young adulthood that relates to deviations from maturing out processes.
摘要：
大多数年轻人自然成熟了高风险物质的使用模式，但重要的是要找出可能阻碍规范下降的因素。同时使用酒精和大麻(即，同时酒精和大麻/大麻[SAM])与酒精和大麻问题交叉相关，使用SAM会增加日常水平的急性风险。然而,对使用SAM的长期风险知之甚少，具体来说,SAM的使用与酒精和大麻使用的成熟有关。使用报告使用SAM的年轻人的连续四年调查数据（N=409；1636个回答；基线时年龄在18-25岁），我们首先使用多水平生长模型估计酒精和大麻使用障碍(AUD/CUD)症状的年龄相关变化.调查结果支持一个成熟的过程，由于AUD和CUD症状严重程度在整个青年期都显着下降，平均(每年分别为4%和5%，显著加速)。跨级别交互测试参与者在所有四个时间点的平均SAM使用频率是否调节了AUD/CUD症状严重程度中与年龄相关的轨迹。重要的相互作用表明，相对于使用较少的SAM，使用更频繁的SAM的参与者显示AUD下降幅度较小(每年下降1%与每年6％）和CUD症状（每年减少0％每年7%)；因此，SAM频率与使用有害酒精和大麻的缓慢/延迟成熟有关。研究结果强调，SAM的使用可能是成年期间长期使用高风险物质的相关或风险因素，这与成熟过程的偏差有关。
