Abstract：
This study aims to describe socio-economic aspects, farming practices and production limitations of goats by surveying 53 farms holding 5507 head in the regions of Tataouine-Tunisia. It was revealed that goats represented a major source of income for most of the producers (66.1%). Approximately 35.8% of the farmers had not received formal education, with the majority (56.6%) having been engaged in goat breeding for over 10 years. Additionally, 50.9% of stockholders relied on technical knowledge for animal breeding. The investigated herds were mostly (97.4%) comprised of local goat breeds. The most common management system was semi-intensive (49.1%) based on grazing in communal rangelands and supplementation with agricultural by-products and concentrates. The fertility, fecundity and prolificacy rates were 91.3 ± 8.3, 109.8 ± 19.5 and 127.0 ± 15.4%, respectively. The main reasons for keeping goats were their major contribution to the income by the sale of male kids and the provision of milk for home consumption. Sale of male kids at an age of 7.7 months was practiced mostly via intermediaries (94.3%) and rarely directly to butchers and markets (5.7%). The total amount of milk produced on each farm was on average 15.1 l/day, and more than half of farmers (54.7%) consumed goat milk as part of their daily diet. The majority (71.7%) of respondents locally processed milk into Leben, Rayeb and cheese because the goat milk market faced constraints in the Tataouine regions, mainly in terms insufficient milk production and low consumer acceptability. Goats contribute to the income source in rural zones of southern Tunisia, where their breeding is mainly for the purpose of meat sale and the provision of milk for home consumption. The development of goat milk market can represent an added value to this sector.
摘要：
这项研究旨在描述社会经济方面，通过调查Tataouine-突尼斯地区53个拥有5507头的农场，对山羊的耕作方式和生产限制进行了调查。据透露，山羊是大多数生产者的主要收入来源(66.1%)。大约35.8%的农民没有接受过正规教育，大多数(56.6%)从事山羊育种超过10年。此外,50.9%的股东依赖动物饲养技术知识。调查的牛群大部分（97.4％）由当地山羊品种组成。最常见的管理系统是半集约化（49.1％），基于在公共牧场放牧以及补充农业副产品和浓缩物。生育能力，繁殖率分别为91.3±8.3,109.8±19.5和127.0±15.4%,分别。饲养山羊的主要原因是它们通过出售男童和提供牛奶供家庭消费对收入的主要贡献。主要通过中间商（94.3％）出售7.7个月大的男孩，很少直接出售给屠夫和市场（5.7％）。每个农场生产的牛奶总量平均为15.1升/天，超过一半的农民(54.7%)将羊奶作为日常饮食的一部分。大多数(71.7%)的受访者在当地加工牛奶制成Leben，Rayeb和奶酪，因为山羊奶市场在Tataouine地区面临限制，主要是牛奶产量不足和消费者接受度低。山羊是突尼斯南部农村地区的收入来源，他们的养殖主要是为了肉类销售和提供牛奶供家庭消费。羊奶市场的发展可以代表该部门的附加值。
