PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Phytophthora species are oomycetes that have evolved a broad spectrum of biological processes and improved strategies to cope with host and environmental challenges. A growing body of evidence indicates that the high pathogen plasticity is based on epigenetic regulation of gene expression linked to Phytophthora\'s rapid adjustment to endogenous cues and various stresses. As 5mC DNA methylation has not yet been identified in Phytophthora, the reversible processes of acetylation/deacetylation of histone proteins seem to play a pivotal role in the epigenetic control of gene expression in oomycetes. To explore this issue, we review the structure, diversity, and phylogeny of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) in six plant-damaging Phytophthora species: P. capsici, P. cinnamomi, P. infestans, P. parasitica, P. ramorum, and P. sojae. To further integrate and improve our understanding of the phylogenetic classification, evolutionary relationship, and functional characteristics, we supplement this review with a comprehensive view of HATs and HDACs using recent genome- and proteome-level databases. Finally, the potential functional role of transcriptional reprogramming mediated by epigenetic changes during Phytophthora species saprophytic and parasitic phases under nitro-oxidative stress is also briefly discussed.
摘要：
疫霉属是卵菌，它们进化出了广谱的生物过程，并改进了应对宿主和环境挑战的策略。越来越多的证据表明，高病原体可塑性是基于基因表达的表观遗传调控，该基因表达与疫霉对内源性线索和各种胁迫的快速调节有关。由于在疫霉中尚未发现5mCDNA甲基化，组蛋白乙酰化/脱乙酰化的可逆过程似乎在卵菌基因表达的表观遗传控制中起着重要作用。为了探讨这个问题，我们回顾了结构，多样性,以及六种对植物有害的疫霉物种中组蛋白乙酰转移酶（HAT）和组蛋白脱乙酰酶（HDAC）的系统发育：P.capsici，P.肉桂，P.昆虫,P.寄生虫，P.Ramorum,还有P.sojae.为了进一步整合和提高我们对系统发育分类的理解，进化关系，和功能特征，我们使用最新的基因组和蛋白质组水平的数据库对HAT和HDAC进行了全面的分析,以补充本综述.最后,还简要讨论了在硝基氧化应激下，疫霉物种腐生和寄生阶段由表观遗传变化介导的转录重编程的潜在功能作用。
