Abstract：
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the predominant form of primary liver cancer, accounting for approximately 90% of liver cancer cases. It currently ranks as the fifth most prevalent cancer worldwide and represents the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality. As a malignant disease with surgical resection and ablative therapy being the sole curative options available, it is disheartening that most HCC patients who undergo liver resection experience relapse within five years. Microvascular invasion (MVI), defined as the presence of micrometastatic HCC emboli within liver vessels, serves as an important histopathological feature and indicative factor for both disease-free survival and overall survival in HCC patients. Therefore, achieving accurate preoperative noninvasive prediction of MVI holds vital significance in selecting appropriate clinical treatments and improving patient prognosis. Currently, there are no universally recognized criteria for preoperative diagnosis of MVI in clinical practice. Consequently, extensive research efforts have been directed towards preoperative imaging prediction of MVI to address this problem and the relative research progresses were reviewed in this article to summarize its current limitations and future research prospects.
摘要：
肝细胞癌（HCC）是原发性肝癌的主要形式，约占肝癌病例的90%。它目前在全球范围内排名第五，是癌症相关死亡率的第三大原因。作为一种恶性疾病，手术切除和消融治疗是唯一的治疗选择，令人沮丧的是，大多数接受肝切除术的HCC患者在五年内复发。微血管侵犯（MVI），定义为肝血管内存在微转移性肝癌栓子，作为一个重要的组织病理学特征和指示性因素对肝癌患者的无病生存和总生存。因此,术前无创准确预测MVI对临床选择合适的治疗方法和改善患者预后具有重要意义。目前,在临床实践中,MVI的术前诊断尚无公认的标准.因此,为了解决这一问题，人们对MVI的术前影像学预测进行了广泛的研究，本文对相关研究进展进行了综述，总结了其目前的局限性和未来的研究前景。
