PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The objective of this article is to comprehensively review the effect of environmental lighting on ocular growth and refractive status in both animal and clinical studies, with an emphasis on the underlying mechanisms. This review was performed by searching research articles and reviews utilizing the terms \"myopia,\" \"light therapy,\" \"axial length,\" \"refractive error,\" and \"emmetropization\" in PubMed datasets. The review was finalized in December 2023. In the animal studies, high lighting brightness, illumination periods aligning with circadian rhythm, and color contrast signals including multiple wavelengths all help regulate ocular growth against myopia. Long wavelengths have been found to induce myopia in chicks, mice, fish, and guinea pigs, whereas shorter wavelengths lead to hyperopia. In contrast, red light has been observed to have a protective effect against myopia in tree shrews and rhesus monkeys. Apart from wavelength, flicker status also showed inconsistent effects on ocular growth, which could be attributed to differences in ocular refractive status, evolutionary disparities in retinal cone cells across species, and the selection of myopia induction models in experiments. In the clinical studies, current evidence suggests a control effect with red light therapy. Although the lighting conditions diverge from those in animal experiments, further reports are needed to assess the long-term effects. In conclusion, this review encompasses research related to the impact of light exposure on myopia and further explores the retinoscleral signaling pathway in refractive development. The aim is to establish a theoretical foundation for optimizing environmental factors in lighting design to address the epidemic of childhood myopia.
摘要：
本文的目的是全面回顾动物和临床研究中环境照明对眼睛生长和屈光状态的影响，强调潜在的机制。这篇综述是通过使用术语“近视，“\”光疗法，“\”轴向长度，屈光不正,PubMed数据集中的\"和\"增强化\"。审查于2023年12月完成。在动物研究中，高照明亮度，光照周期与昼夜节律一致，和颜色对比度信号，包括多个波长都有助于调节眼睛生长对近视。已经发现长波长会诱发小鸡的近视，老鼠,鱼,还有豚鼠,而较短的波长导致远视。相比之下,已观察到红光对树sh和恒河猴的近视有保护作用。除了波长,闪烁状态也显示对眼部生长的影响不一致，这可能归因于眼屈光状态的差异，物种间视网膜视锥细胞的进化差异，以及实验中近视诱导模型的选择。在临床研究中,目前的证据表明，红光疗法具有控制效果。尽管照明条件与动物实验中的不同，需要进一步的报告来评估长期影响。总之,本文综述了光照射对近视影响的相关研究，并进一步探讨了视网膜巩膜信号通路在屈光发育中的作用。旨在为解决儿童近视流行问题，优化照明设计中的环境因素奠定理论基础。
