Abstract：
Achieving sustainable future energy goals includes enhancing renewable energy production, optimizing daily energy consumption using feedback loops and minimizing/monitoring contributions to atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Developing economic next-generation CO2sensors enables local monitoring of industrial CO2emissions, aiding energy management and climate monitoring. This study elucidates the efficacy of CO2chemiresistor based on indium oxide (In2O3) micro cubes with spilled-over nanoparticles. The investigation primarily focuses on fabricating and optimising In2O3-based CO2chemiresistors utilizing a hydrothermal technique, creating porous micro cubes essential for enhanced CO2monitoring. As revealed by various characterization techniques, the minimum crystallite size was found to be 24.92 nm with optimum porosity and a high surface-to-volume ratio comprising spilled-over nanoparticle morphology. The fabricated chemiresistor demonstrated excellent CO2 sensing efficacy with a maximum response of around 4.1% at room temperature with selectivity, repeatability, and reversible sensing behavior. The sensing mechanism has been revealed, which is supported by theoretical density functional theory evaluations. Notably, the sensing results reveal the capability of In2O3-based sensors to detect CO2at low concentrations as low as ⩽10 ppm, which enables the chemiresistor for practical implementation in diverse sectors to achieve sustainability.
摘要：
实现可持续的未来能源目标包括加强可再生能源生产，使用反馈回路和最小化/监测对大气二氧化碳（CO2）的贡献来优化日常能耗。开发经济的下一代CO2传感器可实现工业CO2排放的本地监控，协助能源管理和气候监测。这项研究阐明了基于带有溢出纳米颗粒的氧化铟（In2O3）微立方体的CO2化学电阻器的功效。研究主要集中在利用水热技术制造和优化In2O3基CO2化学电阻器，创建多孔微立方体对于增强CO2监测至关重要。正如各种表征技术所揭示的那样，发现最小微晶尺寸为24.92nm，具有最佳孔隙率和高表面体积比，包括溢出的纳米颗粒形态。制造的化学电阻器表现出出色的CO2传感功效，在室温下具有约4.1％的最大响应选择性，重复性,和可逆的传感行为。感知机制已经被揭示，这得到了理论密度泛函理论评估的支持。值得注意的是,传感结果揭示了基于In2O3的传感器在低至≤10ppm的低浓度下检测CO2的能力，这使得化学电阻器在不同部门的实际实施能够实现可持续性。
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