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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Trichomoniasis, caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), remains an underappreciated sexually transmitted infection (STI), primarily due to inadequate understanding of its epidemiology and public health implications. This study aimed to characterize TV epidemiology in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA).
METHODS: Systematic review and analysis of evidence sourced from international, regional, and national databases were conducted. Findings were reported following PRISMA guidelines. Random-effects meta-analyses and meta-regressions were performed to determine pooled mean prevalence, investigate associations with prevalence, and identify sources of between-study heterogeneity.
RESULTS: The review identified 263 relevant publications, encompassing 462 TV prevalence measures. The pooled mean TV prevalence was estimated as follows: 4.7% (95% CI: 3.9-5.6%) in the general population of women, 17.2% (95% CI: 5.4-33.6%) among intermediate-risk populations, 10.3% (95% CI: 6.2-15.3%) among female sex workers, 13.9% (95% CI: 12.3-15.6%) among symptomatic women, 7.4% (95% CI: 1.9-15.5%) among infertility clinic attendees, 2.3% (95% CI: 0.1-6.3%) among women with miscarriages or ectopic pregnancies, and 1.6% (95% CI: 0.8-2.7%) among STI clinic attendees. Limited data were found for men. Multivariable meta-regressions explained >40% of the prevalence variation, unveiling a hierarchical prevalence pattern by population type, an inverse correlation with national income, and a prevalence decline at a rate of 1% per calendar year.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite conservative sexual norms, MENA has a substantial TV prevalence, comparable to the global TV prevalence. The unexpectedly high prevalence of this curable infection may, in part, be attributed to limited access to and underutilization of STI screening and treatment services.
BACKGROUND: This work was supported by the Qatar Research, Development, and Innovation Council [ARG01-0522-230273] and by the Biomedical Research Program at Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar.
METHODS: Systematic review and analysis of evidence sourced from international, regional, and national databases were conducted. Findings were reported following PRISMA guidelines. Random-effects meta-analyses and meta-regressions were performed to determine pooled mean prevalence, investigate associations with prevalence, and identify sources of between-study heterogeneity.
RESULTS: The review identified 263 relevant publications, encompassing 462 TV prevalence measures. The pooled mean TV prevalence was estimated as follows: 4.7% (95% CI: 3.9-5.6%) in the general population of women, 17.2% (95% CI: 5.4-33.6%) among intermediate-risk populations, 10.3% (95% CI: 6.2-15.3%) among female sex workers, 13.9% (95% CI: 12.3-15.6%) among symptomatic women, 7.4% (95% CI: 1.9-15.5%) among infertility clinic attendees, 2.3% (95% CI: 0.1-6.3%) among women with miscarriages or ectopic pregnancies, and 1.6% (95% CI: 0.8-2.7%) among STI clinic attendees. Limited data were found for men. Multivariable meta-regressions explained >40% of the prevalence variation, unveiling a hierarchical prevalence pattern by population type, an inverse correlation with national income, and a prevalence decline at a rate of 1% per calendar year.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite conservative sexual norms, MENA has a substantial TV prevalence, comparable to the global TV prevalence. The unexpectedly high prevalence of this curable infection may, in part, be attributed to limited access to and underutilization of STI screening and treatment services.
BACKGROUND: This work was supported by the Qatar Research, Development, and Innovation Council [ARG01-0522-230273] and by the Biomedical Research Program at Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar.
摘要：
背景：毛滴虫病，由寄生虫阴道毛滴虫（TV）引起，仍然是一种被低估的性传播感染(STI)，主要是由于对其流行病学和公共卫生影响的了解不足。这项研究旨在描述中东和北非（MENA）的电视流行病学特征。
方法：对来自国际，区域,并建立了国家数据库。根据PRISMA指南报告了调查结果。进行随机效应荟萃分析和荟萃回归以确定合并平均患病率，调查与患病率的关联，并确定研究之间异质性的来源。
结果：审查确定了263种相关出版物，涵盖462项电视流行率指标。合并的平均电视患病率估计如下：女性普通人群中的4.7％（95％CI：3.9-5.6％），在中等风险人群中，17.2%(95%CI：5.4-33.6%)，女性性工作者中的10.3％（95％CI：6.2-15.3％），13.9%（95%CI：12.3-15.6%）有症状的女性，7.4%（95%CI：1.9-15.5%）的不孕症患者，2.3%（95%CI：0.1-6.3%）的流产或异位妊娠妇女，和1.6%（95%CI：0.8-2.7%）的性传播感染诊所参与者。男性的数据有限。多变量元回归解释了>40%的患病率变异，揭示了按人口类型划分的分层流行模式，与国民收入成反比，患病率以每日历年1%的速度下降。
结论：尽管保守的性规范，中东和北非有相当大的电视流行率，与全球电视流行程度相当。这种可治愈的感染的意外高患病率可能，在某种程度上,这归因于性传播感染筛查和治疗服务的获取有限和利用不足。
背景：这项工作得到了卡塔尔研究的支持，发展,和创新委员会[ARG01-0522-230273]以及卡塔尔威尔康奈尔医学院的生物医学研究计划。
方法：对来自国际，区域,并建立了国家数据库。根据PRISMA指南报告了调查结果。进行随机效应荟萃分析和荟萃回归以确定合并平均患病率，调查与患病率的关联，并确定研究之间异质性的来源。
结果：审查确定了263种相关出版物，涵盖462项电视流行率指标。合并的平均电视患病率估计如下：女性普通人群中的4.7％（95％CI：3.9-5.6％），在中等风险人群中，17.2%(95%CI：5.4-33.6%)，女性性工作者中的10.3％（95％CI：6.2-15.3％），13.9%（95%CI：12.3-15.6%）有症状的女性，7.4%（95%CI：1.9-15.5%）的不孕症患者，2.3%（95%CI：0.1-6.3%）的流产或异位妊娠妇女，和1.6%（95%CI：0.8-2.7%）的性传播感染诊所参与者。男性的数据有限。多变量元回归解释了>40%的患病率变异，揭示了按人口类型划分的分层流行模式，与国民收入成反比，患病率以每日历年1%的速度下降。
结论：尽管保守的性规范，中东和北非有相当大的电视流行率，与全球电视流行程度相当。这种可治愈的感染的意外高患病率可能，在某种程度上,这归因于性传播感染筛查和治疗服务的获取有限和利用不足。
背景：这项工作得到了卡塔尔研究的支持，发展,和创新委员会[ARG01-0522-230273]以及卡塔尔威尔康奈尔医学院的生物医学研究计划。
