Abstract：
Infectious diseases are a major threat to global health and cause millions of deaths every year, particularly in developing countries. The emergence of multidrug resistance challenges current antimicrobial treatments, inducing uncertainty in therapeutic protocols. New compounds are therefore necessary. A drug repurposing approach could play a critical role in developing new treatments used either alone or in combination with standard therapy regimens. Herein, we focused on cysteamine, an aminothiol endogenously synthesized by human cells during the degradation of coenzyme-A, which is a drug approved for the treatment of nephropathic cystinosis. Cysteamine influences many biological processes due to the presence of the highly reactive thiol group. This review provides an overview of cysteamine-mediated effects on different viruses, bacteria and parasites, with a particular focus on infections caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Mycobacterium tuberculosis, non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Evidences for a potential use of cysteamine as a direct antimicrobial agent and/or a host-directed therapy, either alone or in combination with other antimicrobial drugs, are described.
摘要：
传染病是对全球健康的主要威胁，每年造成数百万人死亡，特别是在发展中国家。多药耐药性的出现挑战了当前的抗菌治疗，在治疗方案中引起不确定性。因此需要新的化合物。药物再利用方法可以在开发单独使用或与标准治疗方案结合使用的新疗法中发挥关键作用。在这里，我们专注于半胱胺，人类细胞在辅酶A降解过程中内源性合成的氨基硫醇，这是一种被批准用于治疗肾病性胱氨酸病的药物。由于高反应性硫醇基团的存在,半胱胺影响许多生物过程。这篇综述概述了半胱胺介导的对不同病毒的影响。细菌和寄生虫,特别关注严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的感染，结核分枝杆菌,非结核分枝杆菌（NTM），还有铜绿假单胞菌.半胱胺作为直接抗微生物剂和/或宿主导向疗法的潜在用途的证据，单独或与其他抗菌药物联合使用，被描述。
