PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Nicotine, the main compound in cigarettes, leads to smoking addiction. Nicotine acts on the limbic dopamine reward loop in the midbrain by binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, promoting the release of dopamine, and resulting in a rewarding effect or satisfaction. This satisfaction is essential for continued and compulsive tobacco use, and therefore dopamine plays a crucial role in nicotine dependence. Numerous studies have identified genetic polymorphisms of dopaminergic pathways which may influence susceptibility to nicotine addiction. Dopamine levels are greatly influenced by synthesis, storage, release, degradation, and reuptake-related genes, including genes encoding tyrosine hydroxylase, dopamine decarboxylase, dopamine transporter, dopamine receptor, dopamine 3-hydroxylase, catechol-O-methyltransferase, and monoamine oxidase. In this paper, we review research progress on the effects of polymorphisms in the above genes on downstream smoking behavior and nicotine dependence, to offer a theoretical basis for the elucidation of the genetic mechanism underlying nicotine dependence and future personalized treatment for smoking cessation.
摘要：
尼古丁,香烟中的主要化合物，导致吸烟成瘾。尼古丁通过与烟碱乙酰胆碱受体结合作用于中脑的边缘多巴胺奖励环，促进多巴胺的释放，并产生奖励效果或满足感。这种满足感对于持续和强制使用烟草至关重要，因此，多巴胺在尼古丁依赖中起着至关重要的作用。许多研究已经确定了可能影响尼古丁成瘾易感性的多巴胺能途径的遗传多态性。多巴胺水平受合成影响很大，storage,释放,降解，和再摄取相关的基因，包括编码酪氨酸羟化酶的基因，多巴胺脱羧酶,多巴胺转运蛋白，多巴胺受体，多巴胺3-羟化酶，儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶，和单胺氧化酶.在本文中,我们综述了上述基因多态性对下游吸烟行为和尼古丁依赖影响的研究进展,为阐明尼古丁依赖的遗传机制和未来戒烟的个性化治疗提供理论基础。
