PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Safety concerns are a barrier to oral immunotherapy (OIT). This review aims to describe OIT safety events and explore potential risk factors and mitigating factors. Published clinical and real-world OIT studies were reviewed for data on safety outcomes in OIT. Gastrointestinal symptoms are one of the most common adverse reactions associated with OIT, and persistent symptoms can be associated with an eosinophilic response. Allergic reactions are increased in OIT compared with avoidance; however, these symptoms tend not to be severe and to decrease over time. Despite OIT, epinephrine usage persists in studies and life-threatening reactions (though rare) have occurred. High baseline food specific immunoglobulin E levels, aggressive dosing, uncontrolled atopic comorbidities, and poor adherence to protocols may contribute to the severity of adverse events. OIT remains a shared decision that incorporates best medical evidence and appropriate patient selection. It requires individualized care and action plans to ensure safe outcomes.
摘要：
安全性问题是口服免疫疗法(OIT)的障碍。这篇综述旨在描述OIT安全事件，并探讨潜在的风险因素和缓解因素。对已发表的临床和真实世界的OIT研究进行了审查，以获取有关OIT安全性结果的数据。胃肠道症状是与OIT相关的最常见的不良反应之一，持续性症状可能与嗜酸性粒细胞反应有关。与避免相比，OIT中的过敏反应增加；然而，这些症状往往不严重，并随着时间的推移而减少。尽管OIT,肾上腺素的使用在研究中持续存在，并且已经发生了危及生命的反应（尽管罕见）。高基线食物特异性免疫球蛋白E水平，积极的剂量，不受控制的特应性合并症，对方案的依从性差可能导致不良事件的严重程度.OIT仍然是一个共同的决定，其中包括最佳的医学证据和适当的患者选择。它需要个性化的护理和行动计划，以确保安全的结果。
