Abstract：
The present study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ultra-low dose computed tomography (ULD-CT) compared to standard dose computed tomography (SD-CT) in discerning recent rib fractures using a deep learning algorithm detection of rib fractures (DLADRF). A total of 158 patients undergoing forensic diagnosis for rib fractures were included in this study: 50 underwent SD-CT, and 108 were assessed using ULD-CT. Junior and senior radiologists independently evaluated the images to identify and characterize the rib fractures. The sensitivity of rib fracture diagnosis by radiologists and radiologist + DLADRF was better using SD-CT than ULD-CT. However, the diagnosis sensitivity of DLADRF using ULD-CT alone was slightly more than SD-CT. Nonetheless, no substantial differences were observed in specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value between SD-CT and ULD-CT by the same radiologist, radiologist + DLADRF, and DLADRF (P > 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic indicated that senior radiologist + DLADRF was significantly better than senior and junior radiologists, junior radiologists + DLADRF, and DLADRF alone using SD-CT or ULD-CT (all P < 0.05). Also, junior radiologists + DLADRF was better with ULD-CT than senior and junior radiologists (P < 0.05). The AUC of the rib fracture diagnosed by senior radiologists did not differ from DLADRF using ULD-CT. Also, no significant differences were observed between junior + AI and senior and between junior and DLADRF using SD-CT. DLADRF enhanced the diagnostic performance of radiologists in detecting recent rib fractures. The diagnostic outcomes between SD-CT and ULD-CT across radiologists\' experience and DLADRF did not differ significantly.
摘要：
本研究旨在评估超低剂量计算机断层扫描（ULD-CT）与标准剂量计算机断层扫描（SD-CT）相比，使用深度学习算法检测肋骨骨折（DLADRF）来识别近期肋骨骨折的诊断准确性。本研究共纳入158例接受肋骨骨折法医诊断的患者：50例接受了SD-CT，108例采用ULD-CT进行评估。初级和高级放射科医生独立评估图像以识别和表征肋骨骨折。放射科医师和放射科医师+DLADRF诊断肋骨骨折的敏感性优于ULD-CT。然而,单独使用ULD-CT诊断DLADRF的敏感性略高于SD-CT。尽管如此，在特异性方面没有观察到实质性差异，正预测值，SD-CT和ULD-CT的阴性预测值，放射科医生+DLADRF,和DLADRF(P>0.05)。接收器工作特性曲线下面积（AUC）表明，高级放射科医师DLADRF明显优于高级和初级放射科医师。初级放射科医生+DLADRF,单独使用SD-CT或ULD-CT的DLADRF（均P<0.05）。此外，低年级放射科医师+DLADRF在ULD-CT上优于高年级和低年级放射科医师(P<0.05)。由高级放射科医生诊断的肋骨骨折的AUC与使用ULD-CT的DLADRF没有差异。此外，使用SD-CT,初级+AI和高级之间以及初级和DLADRF之间没有观察到显著差异.DLADRF增强了放射科医师在检测近期肋骨骨折方面的诊断性能。放射科医师经验和DLADRF的SD-CT和ULD-CT之间的诊断结果没有显着差异。
