Abstract：
Japan faces significant challenges associated with its super-aged society. Exercise and physical activity are recommended strategies to promote healthy aging and quality of life in older age. However, what determines exercise behavior among Japanese older adults is relatively unknown. The principle aim of this study was to explore exercise determinants and their relation to exercise behavior among Japanese older adults. Completed self-report questionnaires were received from 1,000 Japanese older adults aged between 65 and 74 years who resided in the Kansai area. A cross-sectional maximum likelihood path analysis was used to test the relationships between variables, where it was hypothesized that affective experiences in childhood had an indirect association with the exercise behavior of Japanese older adults through the seven psychological determinants of exercise. Demographic factors were also included in the model as potential influences of all factors. Knowledge held the largest significant direct association with exercise behavior (β = .539, p = <.001), particularly more intense forms of exercise such as resistance exercise (β = .725, p = <.001) and moderate to strenuous exercise (β = .420, p = <.001), whilst affective exercise experience in childhood (B = 3.749, p = <.001) and gender (B = 5.183, p = .003) held significant indirect associations. This paper emphasizes the importance of exercise-related knowledge among Japanese older adults and future research is warranted to further explore the role of positive affective exercise experiences in childhood and their influence on exercise behavior, especially amongst girls.
摘要：
日本面临着与其超老龄化社会相关的重大挑战。运动和身体活动是推荐的策略，以促进老年人的健康衰老和生活质量。然而,是什么决定了日本老年人的运动行为是相对未知的。这项研究的主要目的是探索日本老年人的运动决定因素及其与运动行为的关系。从居住在关西地区的1,000名年龄在65至74岁之间的日本老年人那里收到了完整的自我报告问卷。使用横截面最大似然路径分析来测试变量之间的关系，假设童年时期的情感经历通过运动的七个心理决定因素与日本老年人的运动行为有间接关联。人口统计因素也包括在模型中，作为所有因素的潜在影响。知识与运动行为的直接关联最大(β=.539，p=<.001)，特别是更强烈的运动形式，如阻力运动（β=.725，p=<.001）和中等至剧烈运动（β=.420，p=<.001），而儿童期（B=3.749，p=<.001）和性别（B=5.183，p=.003）的情感运动经验具有显着的间接关联。本文强调运动相关知识在日本老年人中的重要性，未来的研究有必要进一步探讨积极的情感运动体验在儿童期的作用及其对运动行为的影响，尤其是女孩。
