Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Cell cycle arrest biomarkers (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 [uTIMP-2] and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 [uIGFBP7]), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) variables are valuable biomarkers for early diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) in people.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate uTIMP-2, uIGFBP7, fractional excretion of NGAL (FeNGAL), and urinary to serum NGAL ratio (u/sNGAL) in healthy dogs, dogs with AKI, dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and critically ill (CI) dogs.
METHODS: Forty-two client-owned dogs (healthy, n = 10; AKI, n = 11; CKD, n = 11; CI, n = 10).
METHODS: Prospective, observational study. After assessment of routine renal biomarkers, stress (uTIMP-2, uIGFBP7) and damage (NGAL) biomarkers were measured, using ELISA kits, and normalized to urinary creatinine (uCr).
RESULTS: Normalized uTIMP-2 and [uTIMP-2] × [uIGFBP7]/uCr were significantly higher in the AKI group (median 151.9 [range, 2.2-534.2] and 62.9 [1.1-266.8] pg/mL respectively), compared to healthy dogs (0.3 [0.2-74.7]; P < .001 and 0.16 [0.1-58.1] pg/mL; P < .001), dogs with CKD (0.7 [0.3-742.5]; P = .04 and 0.37 [0.2-180.1] pg/mL; P = .03) and CI dogs (1.9 [0.2-37.0]; P = .03 and 0.8 [0.1-16.1] pg/mL; P = .02). Fractional excretion of NGAL was significantly higher in dogs with AKI (54.17 [7.93-155.32] %), than in healthy (0.03 [0.01-0.21] %; P < .001) and CI dogs (3.05 [0.05-28.86] %; P = .02).
CONCLUSIONS: Normalized uTIMP-2, [uTIMP-2] × [uIGFBP7]/uCr, and FeNGAL can be valuable renal biomarkers for early diagnosis of AKI in dogs.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate uTIMP-2, uIGFBP7, fractional excretion of NGAL (FeNGAL), and urinary to serum NGAL ratio (u/sNGAL) in healthy dogs, dogs with AKI, dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and critically ill (CI) dogs.
METHODS: Forty-two client-owned dogs (healthy, n = 10; AKI, n = 11; CKD, n = 11; CI, n = 10).
METHODS: Prospective, observational study. After assessment of routine renal biomarkers, stress (uTIMP-2, uIGFBP7) and damage (NGAL) biomarkers were measured, using ELISA kits, and normalized to urinary creatinine (uCr).
RESULTS: Normalized uTIMP-2 and [uTIMP-2] × [uIGFBP7]/uCr were significantly higher in the AKI group (median 151.9 [range, 2.2-534.2] and 62.9 [1.1-266.8] pg/mL respectively), compared to healthy dogs (0.3 [0.2-74.7]; P < .001 and 0.16 [0.1-58.1] pg/mL; P < .001), dogs with CKD (0.7 [0.3-742.5]; P = .04 and 0.37 [0.2-180.1] pg/mL; P = .03) and CI dogs (1.9 [0.2-37.0]; P = .03 and 0.8 [0.1-16.1] pg/mL; P = .02). Fractional excretion of NGAL was significantly higher in dogs with AKI (54.17 [7.93-155.32] %), than in healthy (0.03 [0.01-0.21] %; P < .001) and CI dogs (3.05 [0.05-28.86] %; P = .02).
CONCLUSIONS: Normalized uTIMP-2, [uTIMP-2] × [uIGFBP7]/uCr, and FeNGAL can be valuable renal biomarkers for early diagnosis of AKI in dogs.
摘要：
背景：细胞周期停滞生物标志物（金属蛋白酶-2[uTIMP-2]和胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白7[uIGFBP7]的组织抑制剂），中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白(NGAL)变量是早期诊断急性肾损伤(AKI)的有价值的生物标志物.
目的：评估uTIMP-2，uIGFBP7，NGAL的排泄分数（FeNGAL），和健康狗的尿与血清NGAL比率（u/sNGAL），有AKI的狗，患有慢性肾病（CKD）的狗，和重症（CI）狗。
方法：42只客户拥有的狗(健康，n=10；AKI，n=11;CKD,n=11;CI,n=10)。
方法：前瞻性，观察性研究。在评估常规肾脏生物标志物后，测量应激（uTIMP-2，uIGFBP7）和损伤（NGAL）生物标志物，使用ELISA试剂盒，并对尿肌酐（uCr）进行归一化。
结果：归一化uTIMP-2和[uTIMP-2]×[uIGFBP7]/uCr在AKI组中明显更高（中位数151.9[范围，2.2-534.2]和62.9[1.1-266.8]pg/mL），与健康狗相比（0.3[0.2-74.7];P<.001和0.16[0.1-58.1]pg/mL;P<.001），CKD犬(0.7[0.3-742.5];P=.04和0.37[0.2-180.1]pg/mL;P=.03)和CI犬(1.9[0.2-37.0];P=.03和0.8[0.1-16.1]pg/mL;P=.02)。NGAL的排泄分数在患有AKI的狗中显著更高(54.17[7.93-155.32]%),健康犬（0.03[0.01-0.21]%;P<.001）和CI犬（3.05[0.05-28.86]%;P=.02）。
结论：归一化uTIMP-2，[uTIMP-2]×[uIGFBP7]/uCr，FeNGAL可以作为早期诊断犬AKI的肾脏生物标志物。
目的：评估uTIMP-2，uIGFBP7，NGAL的排泄分数（FeNGAL），和健康狗的尿与血清NGAL比率（u/sNGAL），有AKI的狗，患有慢性肾病（CKD）的狗，和重症（CI）狗。
方法：42只客户拥有的狗(健康，n=10；AKI，n=11;CKD,n=11;CI,n=10)。
方法：前瞻性，观察性研究。在评估常规肾脏生物标志物后，测量应激（uTIMP-2，uIGFBP7）和损伤（NGAL）生物标志物，使用ELISA试剂盒，并对尿肌酐（uCr）进行归一化。
结果：归一化uTIMP-2和[uTIMP-2]×[uIGFBP7]/uCr在AKI组中明显更高（中位数151.9[范围，2.2-534.2]和62.9[1.1-266.8]pg/mL），与健康狗相比（0.3[0.2-74.7];P<.001和0.16[0.1-58.1]pg/mL;P<.001），CKD犬(0.7[0.3-742.5];P=.04和0.37[0.2-180.1]pg/mL;P=.03)和CI犬(1.9[0.2-37.0];P=.03和0.8[0.1-16.1]pg/mL;P=.02)。NGAL的排泄分数在患有AKI的狗中显著更高(54.17[7.93-155.32]%),健康犬（0.03[0.01-0.21]%;P<.001）和CI犬（3.05[0.05-28.86]%;P=.02）。
结论：归一化uTIMP-2，[uTIMP-2]×[uIGFBP7]/uCr，FeNGAL可以作为早期诊断犬AKI的肾脏生物标志物。
