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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are a significant subset of mesenchymal tumors primarily found in the gastrointestinal tract, impacting diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Understanding their epidemiology is crucial for improving patient care and advancing treatment strategies.
METHODS: Our study at a Saudi tertiary hospital analyzed 50 patients with GIST, focusing on demographics, tumor locations, and risk assessments. We examined predictors of tumor size, including mitosis frequency, and assessed the impact of anatomical location and risk on clinical outcomes using RStudio software (Posit, Boston, MA).
RESULTS: Among 50 patients with GIST, 36 (72.0%) were male with a median age of 60.5 years, and most tumors (33, 66.0%) were in the stomach. Risk assessments categorized tumors as follows: 20 (40.0%) low risk, 12 (24.0%) high risk, 7 (14.0%) moderate risk, 7 (14.0%) very low risk, and 4 (8.0%) no risk. Most tumors were low-grade (41, 82.0%) and nonmetastatic (47, 94.0%), predominantly spindle cell type (37, 74.0%). Tumor size varied significantly across risk categories: high-risk tumors averaged 10.3 cm versus 0.5 cm for no risk and 3.5 cm for very low risk (P < 0.001). Mitosis frequency differed significantly by risk category and tumor grade (P < 0.001). Tumor grade varied notably with risk categories and morphologic types, especially high-grade tumors in high-risk groups (8, 66.7%) and epithelioid tumors (2, 100%). Multivariable analysis identified predictors of tumor size: anatomical location (extra-GI, intra-abdominal; beta = 7.08, P = 0.011) and risk assessment (low risk, beta = 6.91, P = 0.001; moderate risk, beta = 11.2, P < 0.001; high risk, beta = 8.93, P < 0.001). Liver metastasis did not differ significantly across gender, anatomical location, risk assessment, or tumor grade.
CONCLUSIONS: In Saudi Arabia, GISTs predominantly affect males and are primarily located in the stomach. Our findings highlight significant variations in tumor size and grade based on risk assessments and anatomical location. Most GISTs were low-grade, nonmetastatic, and spindle cell type, emphasizing the need for enhanced research to improve diagnostics, tailor treatments, and optimize outcomes in the region.
METHODS: Our study at a Saudi tertiary hospital analyzed 50 patients with GIST, focusing on demographics, tumor locations, and risk assessments. We examined predictors of tumor size, including mitosis frequency, and assessed the impact of anatomical location and risk on clinical outcomes using RStudio software (Posit, Boston, MA).
RESULTS: Among 50 patients with GIST, 36 (72.0%) were male with a median age of 60.5 years, and most tumors (33, 66.0%) were in the stomach. Risk assessments categorized tumors as follows: 20 (40.0%) low risk, 12 (24.0%) high risk, 7 (14.0%) moderate risk, 7 (14.0%) very low risk, and 4 (8.0%) no risk. Most tumors were low-grade (41, 82.0%) and nonmetastatic (47, 94.0%), predominantly spindle cell type (37, 74.0%). Tumor size varied significantly across risk categories: high-risk tumors averaged 10.3 cm versus 0.5 cm for no risk and 3.5 cm for very low risk (P < 0.001). Mitosis frequency differed significantly by risk category and tumor grade (P < 0.001). Tumor grade varied notably with risk categories and morphologic types, especially high-grade tumors in high-risk groups (8, 66.7%) and epithelioid tumors (2, 100%). Multivariable analysis identified predictors of tumor size: anatomical location (extra-GI, intra-abdominal; beta = 7.08, P = 0.011) and risk assessment (low risk, beta = 6.91, P = 0.001; moderate risk, beta = 11.2, P < 0.001; high risk, beta = 8.93, P < 0.001). Liver metastasis did not differ significantly across gender, anatomical location, risk assessment, or tumor grade.
CONCLUSIONS: In Saudi Arabia, GISTs predominantly affect males and are primarily located in the stomach. Our findings highlight significant variations in tumor size and grade based on risk assessments and anatomical location. Most GISTs were low-grade, nonmetastatic, and spindle cell type, emphasizing the need for enhanced research to improve diagnostics, tailor treatments, and optimize outcomes in the region.
摘要：
背景：胃肠道间质瘤（GIST）是主要在胃肠道中发现的间充质肿瘤的重要子集，影响诊断和治疗方法。了解他们的流行病学对于改善患者护理和推进治疗策略至关重要。
方法：我们在沙特三级医院的研究分析了50例GIST患者，关注人口统计，肿瘤位置，和风险评估。我们检查了肿瘤大小的预测因子，包括有丝分裂频率，并使用RStudio软件评估解剖位置和风险对临床结果的影响(Posit，波士顿,MA).
结果：在50例GIST患者中，36（72.0％）为男性，中位年龄为60.5岁，大多数肿瘤（33，66.0％）在胃中。风险评估将肿瘤分类如下：20（40.0%）低风险，12（24.0%）高风险，7（14.0%）中度风险，7（14.0%）极低风险，和4（8.0％）没有风险。大多数肿瘤为低级别（41，82.0%）和非转移性（47，94.0%），以梭形细胞型为主（37，74.0%）。不同风险类别的肿瘤大小差异显着：高风险肿瘤平均10.3cm，无风险肿瘤平均0.5cm，极低风险肿瘤平均3.5cm（P<0.001）。有丝分裂频率因风险类别和肿瘤分级而显著不同(P<0.001)。肿瘤分级随风险类别和形态类型而显著变化，尤其是高危人群中的高级别肿瘤（8，66.7％）和上皮样肿瘤（2，100％）。多变量分析确定了肿瘤大小的预测因素：解剖位置(胃肠道外，腹内；β=7.08，P=0.011）和风险评估（低风险，β=6.91，P=0.001；中度风险，β=11.2，P<0.001；高风险，β=8.93,P<0.001)。不同性别的肝转移没有显著差异，解剖位置,风险评估，或肿瘤等级。
结论：在沙特阿拉伯，GIST主要影响男性，主要位于胃中。我们的发现强调了基于风险评估和解剖位置的肿瘤大小和分级的显著差异。大多数GIST是低等级的，非转移性,和梭形细胞类型，强调需要加强研究以改善诊断，裁缝治疗,并优化该地区的成果。
方法：我们在沙特三级医院的研究分析了50例GIST患者，关注人口统计，肿瘤位置，和风险评估。我们检查了肿瘤大小的预测因子，包括有丝分裂频率，并使用RStudio软件评估解剖位置和风险对临床结果的影响(Posit，波士顿,MA).
结果：在50例GIST患者中，36（72.0％）为男性，中位年龄为60.5岁，大多数肿瘤（33，66.0％）在胃中。风险评估将肿瘤分类如下：20（40.0%）低风险，12（24.0%）高风险，7（14.0%）中度风险，7（14.0%）极低风险，和4（8.0％）没有风险。大多数肿瘤为低级别（41，82.0%）和非转移性（47，94.0%），以梭形细胞型为主（37，74.0%）。不同风险类别的肿瘤大小差异显着：高风险肿瘤平均10.3cm，无风险肿瘤平均0.5cm，极低风险肿瘤平均3.5cm（P<0.001）。有丝分裂频率因风险类别和肿瘤分级而显著不同(P<0.001)。肿瘤分级随风险类别和形态类型而显著变化，尤其是高危人群中的高级别肿瘤（8，66.7％）和上皮样肿瘤（2，100％）。多变量分析确定了肿瘤大小的预测因素：解剖位置(胃肠道外，腹内；β=7.08，P=0.011）和风险评估（低风险，β=6.91，P=0.001；中度风险，β=11.2，P<0.001；高风险，β=8.93,P<0.001)。不同性别的肝转移没有显著差异，解剖位置,风险评估，或肿瘤等级。
结论：在沙特阿拉伯，GIST主要影响男性，主要位于胃中。我们的发现强调了基于风险评估和解剖位置的肿瘤大小和分级的显著差异。大多数GIST是低等级的，非转移性,和梭形细胞类型，强调需要加强研究以改善诊断，裁缝治疗,并优化该地区的成果。
