PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart rhythm disorder, defined by an irregular and rapid heartbeat. It is the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia in the United States, characterized by irregular heartbeats due to asynchrony between atrial and ventricular contractions. AF can be categorized as paroxysmal or persistent and, as such, poses significant health risks, including heart failure and stroke. Factors like age, sex, lifestyle, and existing health conditions elevate AF risk. There have been a lot of debates around AF risk management and its impact on prognosis. This literature review aims to explore the influence of addressing modifiable risk factors in AF patients on its morbidity and mortality, exploring various treatment options and their effectiveness. Current guidelines suggest rate control and anticoagulation for persistent AF with medications like beta blockers and non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants. Catheter ablation for rhythm control is contentious. Studies on supplemental treatments, lifestyle changes, and managing comorbidities show mixed results, necessitating further research for comprehensive treatment effectiveness in AF patients, which this literature review will discuss.
摘要：
心房颤动（AF）是最常见的心律紊乱，由不规则和快速的心跳定义。它是美国最常见的心律失常,由于心房和心室收缩之间的不同步，其特征是不规则的心跳。AF可以分为阵发性或持续性，因此，构成重大健康风险，包括心力衰竭和中风.像年龄这样的因素，性别,生活方式,和现有的健康状况会增加房颤风险。关于AF的风险管理及其对预后的影响已经有很多争论。本文献综述旨在探讨房颤患者可改变的危险因素对其发病率和死亡率的影响。探索各种治疗方案及其有效性。目前的指南建议使用β受体阻滞剂和非维生素K口服抗凝剂等药物控制心率和抗凝治疗持续性房颤。用于节律控制的导管消融是有争议的。关于补充治疗的研究，生活方式的改变,管理合并症的结果好坏参半，需要进一步研究房颤患者的综合治疗效果，这篇文献综述将对此进行讨论。
