PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
In East Africa, community-based conservation models (CBCMs) have been established to support the conservation of wildlife in fragmented landscapes like the Tarangire Ecosystem, Tanzania. To assess how different management approaches maintained large herbivore populations, we conducted line distance surveys and estimated seasonal densities of elephant, giraffe, zebra, and wildebeest in six management units, including three CBCMs, two national parks (positive controls), and one area with little conservation interventions (negative control). Using a Monte-Carlo approach to propagate uncertainties from the density estimates and trend analysis, we analyzed the resulting time series (2011-2019). Densities of the target species were consistently low in the site with little conservation interventions. In contrast, densities of zebra and wildebeest in CBCMs were similar to national parks, providing evidence that CBCMs contributed to the stabilization of these migratory populations in the central part of the ecosystem. CBCMs also supported giraffe and elephant densities similar to those found in national parks. In contrast, the functional connectivity of Lake Manyara National Park has not been augmented by CBCMs. Our analysis suggests that CBCMs can effectively conserve large herbivores, and that maintaining connectivity through CBCMs should be prioritized.
摘要：
在东非,已经建立了基于社区的保护模式（CBCM），以支持在塔兰吉尔生态系统等支离破碎的景观中保护野生动物，坦桑尼亚。为了评估不同的管理方法如何维持大量食草动物种群，我们进行了线距调查和估计大象的季节性密度，长颈鹿,斑马,六个管理单位的角马，包括三个CBCM，两个国家公园（阳性对照），和一个几乎没有保护干预的地区(阴性对照)。使用蒙特卡洛方法从密度估计和趋势分析中传播不确定性，我们分析了所得的时间序列(2011-2019年)。在几乎没有保护干预的情况下，目标物种的密度一直很低。相比之下,CBCM中斑马和角马的密度与国家公园相似，提供证据表明，CBCM有助于稳定生态系统中部的这些迁徙种群。CBCM还支持与国家公园类似的长颈鹿和大象密度。相比之下,ThefunctionalconnectivityofLakeManyaraNationalParkhasnotbeenadvancedbyCBCM.OuranalysissuggeststhatCBCMcaneffectivelyconservelargeherbivores,并且应该优先考虑通过CBCM保持连接。
