PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The Sundarbans mangrove, located at the mouth of the Ganges and Brahmaputra Rivers, is the world\'s largest tidal mangrove forest. These mangroves are also one of the most striking sources of microbial diversity, essential in productivity, conservation, nutrient cycling, and rehabilitation. Hence, the main objective of this study was to use metagenome analysis and provide detailed insight into microbial communities and their functional roles in the Sundarbans mangrove ecosystem. A comparative analysis was also done with a non-mangrove region of the Sundarbans ecosystem to assess the capability of the environmental parameters to explain the variation in microbial community composition. The study found several dominant bacteria, viz., Alphaproteobacteria, Actinomycetota, Bacilli, Clostridia, Desulfobacterota, Gammaproteobacteria, and Nitrospira, from the mangrove region. The mangrove sampling site reports several salt-tolerant bacteria like Alkalibacillus haloalkaliphilus, Halomonas anticariensis, and Salinivibrio socompensis. We found some probiotic species, viz., Bacillus clausii, Lactobacillus curvatus, Vibrio mediterranei and Vibrio fluvialis, from the Sundarbans mangrove. Nitrifying bacteria in Sundarbans soils were Nitrococcus mobilis, Nitrosococcus oceani, Nitrosomonas halophila, Nitrospirade fluvii, and others. Methanogenic archaea, viz., Methanoculleus marisnigri, Methanobrevibacter gottschalkii, and Methanolacinia petrolearia, were highly abundant in the mangroves as compared to the non-mangrove soils. The identified methanotrophic bacterial species, viz., Methylobacter tundripaludum, Methylococcus capsulatus, Methylophaga thiooxydans, and Methylosarcina lacus are expected to play a significant role in the degradation of methane in mangrove soil. Among the bioremediation bacterial species identified, Pseudomonas alcaligenes, Pseudomonas mendocina, Paracoccus denitrificans, and Shewanella putrefaciens play a significant role in the remediation of environmental pollution. Overall, our study shows for the first time that the Sundarbans, the largest mangrove ecosystem in the world, has a wide range of methanogenic archaea, methanotrophs, pathogenic, salt-tolerant, probiotic, nitrifying, and bioremediation bacteria.
摘要：
Sundarbans红树林，位于恒河和雅鲁藏布江口，是世界上最大的潮汐红树林。这些红树林也是微生物多样性最显著的来源之一，对生产力至关重要，养护,营养循环,和康复。因此，这项研究的主要目的是使用宏基因组分析，并提供对微生物群落及其在Sundarbans红树林生态系统中的功能作用的详细了解。还对Sundarbans生态系统的非红树林区域进行了比较分析，以评估环境参数解释微生物群落组成变化的能力。研究发现了几种优势细菌，viz.,阿尔法变形杆菌，放线菌,芽孢杆菌,梭菌,脱硫杆菌,γ变形杆菌,和硝基螺旋体，来自红树林地区。红树林采样点报告了几种耐盐细菌，例如嗜盐碱杆菌，抗盐单胞菌，和沙丁菌。我们发现了一些益生菌,viz.,克劳氏芽孢杆菌,弯曲乳杆菌,地中海弧菌和河流弧菌，来自Sundarbans红树林.Sundarbans土壤中的硝化细菌是移动硝基球菌，亚硝基球菌，嗜盐硝化单胞菌，Nitrospiradefluvii,和其他人。产甲烷古细菌，viz.,甲烷甲烷，gottschalkii甲烷杆菌,和石油甲醇杆菌，与非红树林土壤相比，红树林中的含量很高。确定的嗜甲烷细菌物种，viz.,绿脓杆菌，荚膜甲基球菌，甲基phaga硫氧丹，和叶形藻预计将在红树林土壤中甲烷的降解中起重要作用。在确定的生物修复细菌物种中，产碱假单胞菌,脑膜炎假单胞菌,脱氮副球菌,和腐败希瓦氏菌在环境污染的修复中起着重要作用。总的来说,我们的研究首次表明Sundarbans,世界上最大的红树林生态系统,有广泛的产甲烷古细菌，甲烷营养生物,致病性,耐盐,益生菌,硝化，和生物修复细菌。
